Hitler And His Generals: Military Conferences 1942–1945 from Stalingrad to Berlin

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United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (20 June 2014). "Nazi Persecution of Soviet Prisoners of War" . Retrieved 24 March 2015.

Askey, Nigel (2014). Operation Barbarossa: The Complete Organisational and Statistical Analysis, and Military Simulation. Vol.(II B). U.S.: Lulu Publishing. ISBN 978-1-31241-326-9. Himmler, Heinrich (1940). "Reflections on the Treatment of Peoples of Alien Races in the East". Trials of War Criminals Before the Nuernberg Military Tribunals Under Control Council Law No. 10. Vol.13. District of Columbia: US Government Printing Office. pp.147–150. ISBN 978-0-333-94944-3. Main articles: Finnish reconquest of Ladoga Karelia (1941) and Finnish reconquest of the Karelian Isthmus (1941) Finnish troops advancing in Karelia in August 1941 Hilberg, Raul (1992). Perpetrators, Victims, Bystanders: The Jewish Catastrophe, 1933–1945. New York: Harper Collins. ISBN 0-8419-0910-5. Bellamy, Chris (2007). Absolute War: Soviet Russia in the Second World War. Vintage Books. ISBN 978-0-375-72471-8.To achieve that victory Germany mustered over three million men, the largest invasion force in the history of warfare to that point. Three army groups set out for three different targets, Army Group North heading for Leningrad, Army Group Centre aiming for Moscow, and Army Group South heading for Kyiv.

During World War II, the German military helped fulfill Nazism's racial, political, and territorial ambitions. Long after the war, a myth persisted claiming the German military (or Wehrmacht) was not involved in the Holocaust and other crimes associated with Nazi genocidal policy. This belief is untrue. The German military participated in many aspects of the Holocaust: in supporting Hitler, in the use of forced labor, and in the mass murder of Jews and other groups targeted by the Nazis.

The German high command consisted of Adolf Hitler, the War Ministry—after February 1938, the Armed Forces High Command ( Oberkommando der Wehrmacht , OKW)—and the high commands of the three services: the air force ( Luftwaffe ), the navy ( Kriegsmarine ), and the army ( Heer ). Despite its name, the OKW was not a unifying command organization; the other services maintained their independence, with the Army High Command ( Oberkommando des Heeres , OKH) and its General Staff holding a dominant position. These deaths were not the result of poor planning and insufficient resources. They resulted from intentional policy, decided upon before the invasion. These POWs were given no shelter from the heat or cold, insufficient food, and little medical care. In all, 3.3 million Soviet soldiers are estimated to have died.

Kirchubel, Robert (2005). Operation Barbarossa 1941: Army Group North. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84176-857-1. Mühlhäuser, Regina (2010). Eroberungen. Sexuelle Gewalttaten und intime Beziehungen deutscher Soldaten in der Sowjetunion, 1941–1945 (in German). Hamburg: Hamburger Edition Verlag. ISBN 978-3-86854-220-2.

Glantz, David (2002). Slaughterhouse: The Encyclopedia of the Eastern Front. Garden City, NY: The Military Book Club. ISBN 978-0-73943-128-3. Adolf Hitler committed suicide 76 years ago today, on April 30, 1945, in a bunker underneath his headquarters in Berlin. According to witnesses, Hitler swallowed a cyanide capsule, then shot himself in the head. A short time later, the Third Reich surrendered to the Allies. On V-E Day — May 8, 1945 — OSS officer and future CIA Deputy Director Richard Helms found a piece of Hitler’s stationery and wrote a letter of reflection to his 3-year-old son describing his feelings about the end of the war. Those vast distances covered by the German panzers made them more and more difficult to supply, while Soviet soldiers unexpectedly continued to fight.