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The Latin Vulgate translation of this passage renders Heylel as " Lucifer" [120] and this name continues to be used by some Christians as an alternative name for Satan. [120] Winn, Shan M.M. (1995). Heaven, heroes, and happiness: the Indo-European roots of Western ideology. Lanham, Md.: University press of America. p.203. ISBN 0-8191-9860-9. William Blake regarded Satan as a model of rebellion against unjust authority [173] and features him in many of his poems and illustrations, [173] including his 1780 book The Marriage of Heaven and Hell, [173] in which Satan is celebrated as the ultimate rebel, the incarnation of human emotion and the epitome of freedom from all forms of reason and orthodoxy. [173] Based on the Biblical passages portraying Satan as the accuser of sin, [270] Blake interpreted Satan as "a promulgator of moral laws." [270] In visual art Early 6th century Byzantine mosaic Art, depicting Jesus separating the sheep from the goats. The blue angel is possibly the earliest artistic depiction of Satan. [271] Atheistic Satanism, as practiced by the Satanic Temple and by followers of LaVeyan Satanism, holds that Satan does not exist as a literal anthropomorphic entity, but rather as a symbol of a cosmos which Satanists perceive to be permeated and motivated by a force that has been given many names by humans over the course of time. In this religion, "Satan" is not viewed or depicted as a hubristic, irrational, and fraudulent creature, but rather is revered with Prometheus-like attributes, symbolizing liberty and individual empowerment. To adherents, he also serves as a conceptual framework and an external metaphorical projection of the Satanist's highest personal potential. [235] In his essay "Satanism: The Feared Religion", the current High Priest of the Church of Satan, Peter H. Gilmore, further expounds that "...Satan is a symbol of Man living as his prideful, carnal nature dictates. The reality behind Satan is simply the dark evolutionary force of entropy that permeates all of nature and provides the drive for survival and propagation inherent in all living things. Satan is not a conscious entity to be worshiped, rather a reservoir of power inside each human to be tapped at will". [236]
a b c d Calt, Stephen (1994). I'd Rather Be the Devil: Skip James and the Blues. Da Capo Press. p. 88. ISBN 978-0-306-80579-0.
The Church of Satan [History Channel]. YouTube. 12 January 2012. Archived from the original on 2015-07-20. The film version of Ira Levin's Rosemary's Baby established made Satanic themes a staple of mainstream horror fiction. [292] Later films such as The Exorcist (1973), The Omen (1976), Angel Heart (1987) and The Devil's Advocate (1997) feature Satan as an antagonist. [293] In music Tartini's Dream (1824) by Louis-Léopold Boilly Times for Duʿāʾ (' Invocation'), Ṣalāh and Dhikr ('Remembrance', including Taḥmīd ('Praising'), Takbīr and Tasbīḥ):
Wray, T. J. and Gregory Mobley. The Birth of Satan: Tracing the Devil's Biblical Roots (2005) excerpt and text search Davies, Douglas J. (2010). Fallen Joseph Smith, Jesus, and Satanic Opposition: Atonement, Evil and the Mormon Vision. University of Durham, UK. ISBN 978-1-4094-0830-7. The main deity in the tentatively Indo-European pantheon of the Yazidis, Melek Taus, is similar to the devil in Christian and Islamic traditions, as he refused to bow down before humanity. [239] [240] Therefore, Christians and Muslims often consider Melek Taus to be Satan. [239] [240] However, rather than being Satanic, Yazidism can be understood as a remnant of a pre-Islamic Middle Eastern Indo-European religion, and/or a ghulat Sufi movement founded by Shaykh Adi. In fact, there is no entity in Yazidism which represents evil in opposition to God; such dualism is rejected by Yazidis. [241]The Synoptic Gospels identify Satan and his demons as the causes of illness, [79] including fever ( Luke 4:39), leprosy ( Luke 5:13), and arthritis ( Luke 13:11–16), [79] while the Epistle to the Hebrews describes the Devil as "him who holds the power of death" ( Hebrews 2:14). [85] The author of Luke-Acts attributes more power to Satan than both Matthew and Mark. [86] In Luke 22:31, Jesus grants Satan the authority to test Peter and the other apostles. [87] Luke 22:3–6 states that Judas Iscariot betrayed Jesus because "Satan entered" him [86] and, in Acts 5:3, Peter describes Satan as "filling" Ananias's heart and causing him to sin. [88] The Gospel of John only uses the name Satan three times. [89] In John 8:44, Jesus says that his Jewish or Judean enemies are the children of the Devil rather than the children of Abraham. [89] The same verse describes the Devil as "a man-killer from the beginning" [89] and "a liar and the father of lying." [89] [90] John 13:2 describes the Devil as inspiring Judas to betray Jesus [91] and John 12:31–32 identifies Satan as "the Archon of this Cosmos", who is destined to be overthrown through Jesus's death and resurrection. [92] John 16:7–8 promises that the Holy Spirit will "accuse the World concerning sin, justice, and judgement", a role resembling that of the Satan in the Old Testament. [93]
Garland, David E. (2006), Hebrews - Revelation, The Expositor's Bible Commentary: Revised Edition, vol.13, Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan, ISBN 978-0-310-86624-4 The Garden of Eden with the Fall of Man by Jan Brueghel the Elder and Pieter Paul Rubens, c. 1615, depicting Eve reaching for the forbidden fruit beside the Devil portrayed as a serpent Pilch, John J. (1995), The Cultural World of Jesus: Sunday by Sunday, Volume 1, Collegeville, Minnesota: The Liturgical Press, ISBN 0-8146-2286-0
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The word does not occur in the Book of Genesis, which mentions only a talking serpent and does not identify the serpent with any supernatural entity. [15] The first occurrence of the word "satan" in the Hebrew Bible in reference to a supernatural figure comes from Numbers 22:22 [16], [7] which describes the Angel of Yahweh confronting Balaam on his donkey: [6] "Balaam's departure aroused the wrath of Elohim, and the Angel of Yahweh stood in the road as a satan against him." [7] In 2 Samuel 24, [17] Yahweh sends the "Angel of Yahweh" to inflict a plague against Israel for three days, killing 70,000 people as punishment for David having taken a census without his approval. [18] 1 Chronicles 21:1 [19] repeats this story, [18] but replaces the "Angel of Yahweh" with an entity referred to as "a satan". [18] Thomsett, Michael C. (2011), Heresy in the Roman Catholic Church: A History, Jefferson, North Carolina: MacFarland & Company, Inc., ISBN 978-0-7864-4448-9 Bamberger, Bernard J. (2006). Fallen Angels: Soldiers of Satan's Realm. Jewish Publication Society of America. ISBN 0-8276-0797-0. Schaff, D. S. "Devil" in New Schaff–Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge (1911), Mainline Protestant; vol 3 pp.414–417 online Ahmed, Shahab (2017), Before Orthodoxy: The Satanic Verses in Early Islam, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London: Harvard University Press, ISBN 978-0-674-04742-6Russell, Jeffrey Burton. The Prince of Darkness: Radical Evil and the Power of Good in History (1992) excerpt and text search Although the Book of Genesis does not mention him, Christians often identify the serpent in the Garden of Eden as Satan. In the Synoptic Gospels, Satan tempts Jesus in the desert and is identified as the cause of illness and temptation. In the Book of Revelation, Satan appears as a Great Red Dragon, who is defeated by Michael the Archangel and cast down from Heaven. He is later bound for one thousand years, but is briefly set free before being ultimately defeated and cast into the Lake of Fire. This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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