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Nair KS, Rizza RA, O'Brien P, Dhatariya K, Short KR, Nehra A, Vittone JL, Klee GG, Basu A, Basu R, Cobelli C, Toffolo G, Dalla Man C, Tindall DJ, Melton LJ, Smith GE, Khosla S, Jensen MD (October 2006). "DHEA in elderly women and DHEA or testosterone in elderly men". N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (16): 1647–59. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa054629. PMID 17050889. S2CID 42844580.
Performance-enhancing drugs: Know the risks - Mayo Clinic Performance-enhancing drugs: Know the risks - Mayo Clinic
Renal: renal hypertrophy, nephropathy, acute renal failure (secondary to rhabdomyolysis), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, renal cell carcinoma. In addition, both men and women who take anabolic steroids can develop any of the following medical conditions: Kanayama G, Barry S, Hudson JI, Pope HG (April 2006). "Body image and attitudes toward male roles in anabolic-androgenic steroid users". Am J Psychiatry. 163 (4): 697–703. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.163.4.697. PMID 16585446. S2CID 38738640. Testosterone is most known for causing changes to the male body during puberty, making the voice deeper and the body hairier. It also increases sperm production in the testicles. Pope HG, Kanayama G, Ionescu-Pioggia M, Hudson JI (September 2004). "Anabolic steroid users' attitudes towards physicians". Addiction. 99 (9): 1189–94. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00781.x. PMID 15317640.Strength improvements in the range of 5 to 20% of baseline strength, depending largely on the drugs and dose used as well as the administration period. Overall, the exercise where the most significant improvements were observed is the bench press. [7] For almost two decades, it was assumed that AAS exerted significant effects only in experienced strength athletes. [140] [141] A randomized controlled trial demonstrated, however, that even in novice athletes a 10-week strength training program accompanied by testosterone enanthate at 600mg/week may improve strength more than training alone does. [7] [142] This dose is sufficient to significantly improve lean muscle mass relative to placebo even in subjects that did not exercise at all. [142] The anabolic effects of testosterone enanthate were highly dose dependent. [7] [143] Dissociation of effects [ edit ]
Anabolic steroid misuse - NHS Anabolic steroid misuse - NHS
a b Chrousos GP (2012). "The Gonadal Hormones & Inhibitors". In Katzung BG (ed.). Basic & Clinical Pharmacology. New York London: McGraw-Hill Medical McGraw-Hill distributor. ISBN 978-0071764018. Richard Joseph Hamilton; Nancy Anastasi Duffy; Daniel Stone (2014). Tarascon Pharmacopoeia. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. pp.174–. ISBN 978-1-284-05671-6. Archived from the original on 2021-02-13 . Retrieved 2020-09-13.But there is no evidence that any of these methods actually reduce side effects and harms from taking anabolic steroids.