Northern England - Michelin Regional Map 502: Map (Michelin Regional Maps, 502)

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The census question on religion has been criticised by the British Humanist Association as leading, and other surveys of religion tend to find very different results. [130] The 2015 British Election Survey found 52% of Northerners identified as Christian (22% Anglican, 14% non-denominational Christian, 12% Roman Catholic, 2% Methodist, and 2% other Christian denominations), 40% as non-religious, 5% as Muslim, 1% as Hindu and 1% as Jewish. [131] Health [ edit ] Life expectancy at birth for boys in 2012-2014 by local authority district in England and Wales. Lighter colours indicate longer life expectancy. Dudman, Jane (2 October 2015). "Haves and have-nots: England's most and least deprived places – in pictures". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 26 March 2016 . Retrieved 12 March 2017. BBC Style Genius: Casuals". BBC. Archived from the original on 1 April 2016 . Retrieved 18 May 2017. Martin, Ron; Townroe, Peter (2013). "The Macroeconomic Context". Regional Development in the 1990s: The British Isles in Transition. Routledge. p.270. ISBN 978-1-136-03688-0.

English indices of deprivation 2015". Office for National Statistics. 30 September 2015. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. a b John, Tara (6 June 2016). "Meet the British Fishermen Who Want Out of the E.U." TIME. Archived from the original on 14 December 2016 . Retrieved 12 March 2017. Northern England (red) as defined along historic county boundaries. Cheshire (purple) is also often included. Campaigns for Northern English devolution have seen little electoral support. Plans by Labour under Tony Blair to create devolved regional assemblies for the three Northern regions were abandoned after the government lost the 2004 North East England devolution referendum against a No vote of 78%. [299] The regionalist Yorkshire Party and North East Party only hold seats at the local council level, [300] and the Northern Party, which campaigned for a devolved Northern government with the power to make laws and full control of taxation and spending, was wound up in 2016. [301] [302] Housing, Planning, Local Government and the Regions Committee (18 April 2006). Coastal Towns: Session 2005–06. The Stationery Office. p.Ev 140–141. ISBN 978-0-215-02841-9.

Todd, Michael (15 April 2008). "Cities and Urban Life". A Companion to Roman Britain. John Wiley & Sons. p.163. ISBN 978-0-470-99885-4. The Second Bishops' War, 1640". BCW. 24 November 2010. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016 . Retrieved 10 March 2017.

a b c Hopkins, Alan (2008). "Country Pasture/Forage Resource Profile: United Kingdom". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Archived from the original on 29 October 2016 . Retrieved 12 March 2017. The Rugby Football Union, which enforced amateurism, suspended teams who compensated their players for missed work and injury, leading teams from Lancashire, Yorkshire and surrounding areas to split away in 1895 and form the Rugby Football League. Over time, the RFU and RFL adopted different rules and the two forms of the game – rugby union and rugby league – diverged. Rugby league's stronghold remains Northern England along the " M62 corridor" between Liverpool and Hull. [274] As of the 2023 season, 11 of the 12 teams in the Super League (the highest level of rugby league in the Northern Hemisphere) are from Northern England, with one team from France, and the 14-team Championship below it has 12 Northern teams, one London team and 1 French team. [275] a b Herson, John. "Liverpool as a Diasporic City". Liverpool John Moores University. Archived from the original (DOC) on 12 March 2017 . Retrieved 10 March 2017.Wells, John C. (1982). Accents of English. Vol.2. Cambridge University Press. pp.349–350. ISBN 978-0-521-28540-7. Palaeolithic art and archaeology of Creswell Crags, UK". Durham University. Archived from the original on 17 October 2015 . Retrieved 5 March 2017. The dates given in the source are 28,000 14C years ago for the Gravettian and 12,500 to 12,200 14C years ago for the Magdalenian. The 14C radiocarbon dating years have been adjusted to give calendar ('real') years. White, Emma (11 December 2012). "Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales: 2011". Office for National Statistics. Archived from the original on 15 March 2017 . Retrieved 14 March 2017. UK and Irish identities include British, Cornish, English, Irish, Northern Irish, Scottish and Welsh. What is the Northumbrian Language Society?". The Northumbrian Language Society. 2013. Archived from the original on 15 October 2016 . Retrieved 13 March 2017.