MYAID Ortho-Glide Knee Exerciser/Slider for Rehabilitation After Surgery

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The knee joint receives innervation from the femoral nerve, via the saphenous nerve and muscular branches. The joint also receives contributions from the tibial and common fibular (peroneal) nerves, and the posterior division of the obturator nerve. There are two menisci in the space between the femoral and tibial condyles. They are crescent-shaped lamellae, each with anterior and posterior horn, and are triangular in cross-section. The surface of each meniscus is concave superiorly, providing a congruous surface to the femoral condyles and is flat inferiorly to accompany the relatively flat tibial plateau. [5] The horns of the medial meniscus are further apart and meniscus appears ‘C’ shaped, than those of the lateral one where meniscus appears more ‘O’ shaped. This is due to the increased size of the medial meniscus, which unfortunately leaves a large exposed area that in turn can be prone to injury. Muscles and knee arthritis: Weak muscles will not provide adequate support and stability; therefore, weak muscles can lead to or accelerate knee osteoarthritis. In addition, recent studies suggest that arthritis may trigger mechanisms that make the surrounding muscles of the knee weaker, creating a cycle where weakness promotes arthritis and arthritis promotes further weakness. Frosch, S., Balcarek, P., Walde, T. A., Schuttrumpf, J. P., Wachowski, M. M., Ferleman, K. G. & Frosch, K. H. Die therapie der patellaluxation: eine systematische literaturanalyse. Z Orthop Unfall, 2011;149(06): 630-45

The fibular collateral ligament is a strong ligament that originates from the lateral epicondyle of the femur, just posterior to the proximal attachment of the popliteus, and extends distally to attach on the lateral surface of the fibular head.When the patellofemoral joint is involved, it oftentimes creates a sero-sanginous synovitis response. Therefore, the first tests to be performed are effusion (intra-articular) vs edema, bursitis, hematoma, etc. (extra-articular) tests. There are several tests that can be performed, including milking tests, sweeping, and ballotment tests. Execution: Squat on a single leg (compare both legs). Attention should be paid that the knee does not go into a valgus movement and stays above the foot. The pelvis must remain stable (no dropping or turning). [10](level of evidence 4)

Cosgarea A, Browne J, Kim T, McFarland E. Evaluation and Management of the Unstable Patella. The Physician and Sportsmedicine. 2002;30(10):33-40. Weleslassie G., Temesgen M., Alamer A., Tsegay G., Hailemariam T., Melese H. Effectiveness of Mobilization with Movement on the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Pain Res Manag. 2021 May 3;2021:8815682. Sabalbal, M, Johnson, M., McAlister, V. (2013), Absence of the genicular arterial anastomosis as generally depicted in textbooks. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons, England, 95, 405–409. DOI: 10.1308/003588413X13629960046831Diederichs, G., & Scheffler, S.MRI after patellar dislocation: assessment of risk factors and injury to the joint. RoFo: Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin. 2013; 185(7), 611-620 The Knee Glide weighs 3 pounds and features a carrying handle that can be used to attach the device to a wall for added stability during shoulder exercises. Exercise instructions are also included. Knee Glide Specifications: Dantas P, Nunes C, Moreira J, Amaral L. Antero-medialisation of the tibial tubercle for patellar instability. International Orthopaedics. 2005;29(6):390-391. (level of evidence 4)

Viewed in the sagittal plane, the femur's articulating surface is convex while the tibia's is concave. Knee arthrokinematics is based on the rules of concavity and convexity [11] and is described in terms of open and closed chains: Knee OA - Deyle et al. 2000. [4] Manual therapy and exercise were compared to placebo ultrasound in 83 patients with knee OA. Patients underwent treatment twice a week for 4 weeks and were followed up for one year. There was a clinically and statistically significant greater improvement in the manual therapy and exercise group compared to the placebo ultrasound group at four weeks and the improvements were maintained at one year. The authors used an impairment-based approach that included mobilisations of the tibiofemoral joint, patellofemoral joint, proximal tibiofibular joint, and surrounding soft tissue. Mobilisations to the lumbar spine, hip, and ankle were also applied as required. Shelbourne K, Haro M, Gray T. Knee Dislocation With Lateral Side Injury: Results of an En Masse Surgical Repair Technique of the Lateral Side. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2007;35(7):1105-1116. (level of evidence 4) The deep layer mirrors the medial structures and consists of the lateral patellofermoral ligament (LPFL), the deep transverse retinaculum and the patellotibial ligament (LPTL).Dynamic stability: to acquire excellent dynamic lower limb stability, exercises with cutting maneuvers, side hops and sudden change of direction should be incorporated in the training program and performed on different surfaces. [10](level of evidence 4) Lam MH, Fong DT, Yung PS, Ho EP, Fung KY, Chan KM. Knee rotational stability during pivoting movement is restored after anatomic double-bundle anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The American journal of sports medicine 2011;39(5):1032-8. Non-operative treatment is usually attempted for 3 to 6 months. If that fails, surgical options are considered [9] [10] [11] Kannus R, Jòzsa L, Renström R, Järvtoen M, Kvist M, Lento M et al. The effects of training, immobilization and remobilization on musculoskeletal tissue. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine Science in Sports. 2007;2(3):100-118. The patellofemoral joint is a plane joint formed by the articulation of the patellar surface of femur (also known as the trochlear groove of femur) and the posterior surface of patella. The patellar surface of femur is a groove on the anterior side of the distal femur, which extends posteriorly into the intercondylar fossa.