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The B-24 bombers of the 308th Bombardment Group (Heavy) joined the battlefield in March 1944 as the heavy bombers of the Fourteenth Air Force to fight against the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War (WW2 in China). About 48 B-24Ms were provided by the U.S. to the Chinese Nationalist Air Force after WW2 and were used during the Chinese Civil War. The PLAAF had two B-24Ms captured from the Chinese Nationalists during the Chinese Civil War and operated until 1952. Thompson, Mark. "Key Point: Bunker-Busters Come In Both Small and Large Sizes". Time. 9 March 2012. William Charles Anderson, author of BAT-21 and Bomber Crew 369, piloted Liberators based in Italy as a member of the 451st Bomb Group of the 15th AF.
a b c d Parken, Oliver (3 May 2023). "Our Best Look Yet At The Massive Ordnance Penetrator Bunker Buster Bomb". The Warzone . Retrieved 22 May 2023. Only one B-24 was officially delivered to the USSR according to the Lend-Lease agreements, stranded in Yakutsk while flying a government mission to the Soviet Union in November 1942. In addition, 73 Liberators of various models that had force-landed on European airfields were recovered and 30 of them were repaired and used by the 45th Bomber Aviation Division. [43] The regiment concerned appears to have been the 890th Bomber Aviation Regiment at Baranovichi until 1944, and then Kazan. MASSIVE ORDNANCE PENETRATOR fact sheet". US Air Force. 18 November 2011 . Retrieved 2 January 2012.
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Capaccio, Tony, "Bunker-Buster Bomb Improvements Sought By Pentagon Win Approval", Bloomberg L.P., 9 February 2012. The Sinking of the Laconia depicts the Laconia Incident and a B-24's attempts to sink the German submarine U-156. Navarrete-Solís, Josefina, et al. "A double-blind, randomized clinical trial of niacinamide 4% versus hydroquinone 4% in the treatment of melasma." Dermatology research and practice 2011 (2011). The B-24D was the first mass-produced series. The B-24D was the Liberator III in British service. It entered US service in early 1942. It had turbocharged engines and increased fuel capacity. Three more 0.50 caliber (12.7mm) machine guns brought the defensive armament up to 10 machine guns. At 59,524 pounds (27,000kg) [ dubious – discuss] (29.76 short tons) maximum takeoff weight, it was one of the heaviest aircraft in the world; comparable with the British "heavies", with fully loaded weights of 30 short tons for (and nearly identical to) the Stirling, the 34 short ton Lancaster and the 27 short ton Halifax.
The C-109 was a dedicated fuel transport version of the B-24 conceived as a support aircraft for Boeing B-29 Superfortress operations in central China. [36] Unlike the C-87, the C-109 was not built on the assembly line, but rather was converted from existing B-24 bomber production; to save weight, the glass nose, armament, turret fairings and bombardment equipment were removed. Several storage tanks were added, allowing a C-109 to carry 2,900gal (11,000L) of fuel weighing over 22,000 pounds (10,000kg). The Air Force now has the MOP". Archived from the original on 2 December 2011 . Retrieved 4 December 2011. Two RAF bomber squadrons with Liberators were deployed to the Middle East in early 1942. While RAF Bomber Command did not use B-24s as strategic bombers over mainland North West Europe, No. 223 Squadron RAF, one of Bomber Command's 100 (Bomber Support) Group squadrons, used 20 Liberator VIs to carry electronic jamming equipment to counter German radar.
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Dawn'으로 감성 힐링 선물 (in Korean). Hankyung. July 2, 2019. Archived from the original on July 4, 2019 . Retrieved July 3, 2019. On 9 May 1961, the B-52H began to be delivered to the USAF with cleaner burning and quieter Pratt & Whitney TF33-P-3 turbofans with a maximum thrust of 17,100 pounds-force (76kN). [101] Engine retrofit [ edit ] Vincenti, Walter G. (1986), "The Davis Wing and the Problem of Airfoil Design: Uncertainty and Growth in Engineering Knowledge", Technology and Culture, 27 (4): 717–758, doi: 10.2307/3105326, JSTOR 3105326, S2CID 112031158 Wilson, Stewart. Boston, Mitchell & Liberator in Australian Service. Weston Creek, Australia: Aerospace Publications, 1992. ISBN 1-875671-00-5. On Thursday, 21 October 1948, Boeing engineers George S. Schairer, Art Carlsen, and Vaughn Blumenthal presented the design of a four-engine turboprop bomber to the chief of bomber development, Colonel Pete Warden. Warden was disappointed by the projected aircraft and asked if the Boeing team could produce a proposal for a four-engine turbojet bomber. Joined by Ed Wells, Boeing's vice president of engineering, the engineers worked that night in The Hotel Van Cleve in Dayton, Ohio, redesigning Boeing's proposal as a four-engine turbojet bomber. On Friday, Colonel Warden looked over the information and asked for a better design. Returning to the hotel, the Boeing team was joined by Bob Withington and Maynard Pennell, two top Boeing engineers who were in town on other business. [36]
Ward, Richard and Eric A. Munday. USAAF Heavy Bomb Group Markings & Camouflage 1941–1945, Consolidated Liberator. Reading, Berkshire, UK: Osprey Publishing Ltd., 1972. ISBN 0-85045-128-0.
After initial testing, the XB-24 was found to be deficient in several areas. One major failure of the prototype was that it failed to meet the top speed requirements specified in the contract. As built, the XB-24 top speed was only 273mph instead of the specified 311mph. As a result, the mechanically supercharged Pratt & Whitney R-1830-33s were replaced with the turbo-supercharged R-1830s. Additionally, the tail span was widened by 2ft (0.61m) and the pitot-static probes were relocated from the wings to the fuselage. The XB-24 was then re-designated XB-24B—these changes became standard on all B-24s built starting with the B-24C model.
See also: Gulf War Retired B-52s are stored at the 309th AMARG (formerly AMARC), a desert storage facility often called the "Boneyard" at Davis–Monthan Air Force Base near Tucson, Arizona. [194] On 25 June 2010, USAF Lt. Gen. Philip M. Breedlove said that the Next Generation Penetrator (NGP) munition should be about a third the size of the Massive Ordnance Penetrator so it could be carried by affordable aircraft. [21] In December 2010, the USAF had a Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) for the Next Generation Penetrator. [22] During the war, a total of 31 B-52s were lost, including ten shot down over North Vietnam. [176] Air-to-air combat [ edit ] Tail armament of a B-52D, the model used on both occasions a B-52 scored an aerial victory. In later models, the tail gunner was moved from the traditional position to the forward crew compartment before being removed altogether. While the B-1 Lancer has a larger theoretical maximum payload of 75,000 pounds (34,000kg) compared to the B-52's 70,000 pounds (32,000kg), the bombers are rarely able to carry their full loads. The most the B-52 carries is a full load of AGM-86Bs totaling 62,660 pounds (28,420kg). The B-1 has the internal weapons bay space to carry more GBU-31 JDAMs and JASSMs, but the B-52 upgraded with the conventional rotary launcher can carry more of other JDAM variants. [121]Shores, Christopher, "History of the Royal Canadian Air Force", Toronto, Royce Publications, 1984, ISBN 0-86124-160-6. a b "DTRA Fact Sheets". Defense Threat Reduction Agency. July 2007. Archived from the original on 23 February 2009 . Retrieved 1 November 2015. The Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress vs. the Consolidated B-24 Liberator". warfarehistorynetwork.com. 30 June 2017. Subsequently, in November 1946, the Deputy Chief of Air Staff for Research and Development, General Curtis LeMay, expressed the desire for a cruising speed of 400 miles per hour (350kn; 640km/h), to which Boeing responded with a 300,000-pound (140,000kg) aircraft. [19] In December 1946, Boeing was asked to change their design to a four-engine bomber with a top speed of 400 miles per hour (350kn; 640km/h), range of 12,000 miles (10,000nmi; 19,000km), and the ability to carry a nuclear weapon; in total, the aircraft could weigh up to 480,000 pounds (220,000kg). [20] Boeing responded with two models powered by T35 turboprops. The Model 464-16 was a "nuclear only" bomber with a 10,000-pound (4,500kg) payload, while the Model 464-17 was a general purpose bomber with a 9,000-pound (4,100kg) payload. [20] Due to the cost associated with purchasing two specialized aircraft, the USAF selected Model 464-17 with the understanding that it could be adapted for nuclear strikes. [21]
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