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Centurion vs T-55: Yom Kippur War 1973: No. 21 (Duel)

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Drohan, Brian (2018). Imjin River 1951: Last stand of the 'Glorious Glosters' . Osprey Publishing. p.25. ISBN 978-1472826923.

The General Staff of the British Army issues the requirement for a new Cruiser Tank under the designation A-41, later named Centurion.Huxley, Tim (2000). Defending the Lion City: The Armed Forces of Singapore. Allen & Unwin. p.131. ISBN 978-1-86508-118-2. The House of Commons Defence Committee, 10th Report 1990–91 Session (17 July 1991). Preliminary Lessons of Operation Granby (Report). HMSO.

Somalia: Christopher F. Foss, writing in the second edition of Jane's Main Battle Tanks said that 'Kuwait was believed to have supplied Somalia with about 35 Centurions.' [122] The Military Balance 1987–88 (p.112) listed 30 Centurions held by the Somali Army. H. Gerrard 11 Oaks Road Tenterden Kent TN30 6RD The Publishers regret that they can enter into no correspondence upon this matter. During Operation Desert Storm in 1991, 12 FV4003 Centurion Mk5 AVREs were deployed with 32 Armoured Engineer Regiment as part of British operations during the campaign. Three were lost in training in two separate incidents involving vehicle fires and detonation of munitions. One AVRE was destroyed on 5 February 1991 and two were destroyed in a second incident the next day. [78] Four minor injuries were sustained. No AVRES saw action during the operation.a b c Rashba, Gary (October 1998, online June 12, 2006) (12 June 2006). "Yom Kippur War: Sacrificial Stand in the Golan Heights". Military History magazine via HISTORYnet. {{ cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= ( help) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link) Ostfeld, Zehava (1994). Shiftel, Shoshana (ed.). An Army is Born (in Hebrew). Israel Ministry of Defense. ISBN 965-05-0695-0. Dunstan, Simon (1980). Centurion (Modern Combat Vehicles: 2). Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 978-0711010635. Hundreds of T-54/55 tanks have been used in the countless wars that have ravaged the continent of Africa to this day, from Angola to Sudan and from Ethiopia to Eritrea. This T-55A(M) was sold by Ukraine to the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 2006 and is being prepared for action on 26 October 2008 against the renegade forces of Laurent Nkunda that had captured the village of Rugari, some 40 kilometres north of the provincial capital of Goma. (Getty Images) A modified T-44 is fitted with a larger turret mounting a 100mm gun to become the T-54 and is accepted for service with the Red Army.

The surprise of the Yom Kippur War, and its aftermath completely changed the IDF's procedures and approach to warfare. Organizational changes were made [ by whom?] and more time was dedicated to training for conventional warfare. The armoured forces also were involved in the Lebanese Civil War, Operation Litani and later the 1982 Lebanon War, where the IDF ousted Palestinian guerilla organizations from Lebanon. Colonel Donald Dunstan, later to be governor of South Australia, was the deputy task force commander of the 1st Australian Task Force (1 ATF) in South Vietnam. [51] Dunstan had quite possibly been the last Australian to use tanks and infantry in a combined operation during the Second World War, (as part of the Bougainville campaign), and the first since the war to command Australia's tanks and infantry in combat. [52] When he temporarily took over command during Brigadier Ronald Hughes's absence, he directed that the Centurions be brought up from Nui Dat to reinforce firebases Coral and Balmoral, believing that they were a strong element that were not being used. Besides adding a great deal of firepower, Dunstan stated, he "couldn't see any reason why they [the Centurions] shouldn't be there". [53] His foresight enabled 1 ATF to kill approximately 267 soldiers from the 141st and 165th North Vietnamese Army Regiments during the six-week-long Battle of Coral–Balmoral in May 1968, as well as capturing 11 prisoners, 36 crew-served weapons, 112 small arms, and other miscellaneous enemy weapons. [54] Troops of the 1st Armoured Regiment during a briefing at Vung Tau Ware, Pat; Delf, Brian (2013). The Centurion Tank. Casemate Publishers. p.59. ISBN 978-1-78159-011-9. Operation Desert Storm/Operation Granby (British name)-United Kingdom, twelve FV4003 AVREs deployed to SW Asia. Three destroyed in accidents; fires and munitions. None saw action. The T-54/59 sees extensive combat in South East Asia in Laos, South Vietnam, Cambodia and during the Sino-Vietnamese War of 1979.

FV4004, 120mm Conway and FV4005, 183mm gun tank". Archived from the original on 13 December 2009 . Retrieved 15 November 2014. Joiner, J. H. (1990). One More River To Cross. Pen and Sword. p.439. ISBN 978-1-4738-1691-6. Archived from the original on 27 February 2015.

The IDF had also a number of Magach (מגח; Ma-GAKH) tanks in Israeli service which were based on the American M48 and M60 Patton tanks. The Magach 1, 2, 3, and 5 were based upon M48 tanks; the later Magach 6 and 7 were based upon M60 tanks. These tanks had modifications included replacement of the original 90mm gun with the British 105mm L7, lowering the command turret's profile, upgraded communication suite, and replacement of the flammable and weak gasoline engine with a 750hp diesel one. When the Yom Kippur War broke out, Israel had a total of 540 of the modified M48A3 (with 105mm gun) and M60A1 tanks. [59] [60] But during the war, the tanks suffered heavy losses. The location of flammable hydraulic fluid at the front of the turret was discovered to be a severe vulnerability. A large number of these Israeli tanks were destroyed or terminally hit during the war, mostly in the Sinai front against entrenched Egyptian infantry armed with AT-3 Sagger anti tank missiles. [59] After the war, the losses were replaced with new M48A5 (Magach 5) and M60 (Magach 6) which were fitted with better armor in response to the anti tank missile losses. Karsh, Efraim (2002). The Arab-Israeli Conflict. The Palestine War 1948. Osprey. p.25. ISBN 978-1-84176-372-9.At the period right before the 1956 Suez war, the Israelis were also deeply troubled by Egypt’s procurement of large amounts of Soviet weaponry that included 530 armored vehicles, of which 230 were tanks and the influx of this advanced weaponry altered an already shaky balance of power. [36] Additionally, Israel believed Egypt had formed a secret alliance with Jordan and Syria. [37] Damaged Israeli Sherman tank and vehicles, Sinai War, 1956 The Mk III with its 20-pounder main armament and coaxial Besa machine gun was the definitive model of the Centurion with 2,833 being produced between 1948 and 1955. At the peak of production, 11 Centurions were manufactured each week but at the same time the T-54 was being made at the rate of 44 a week. Ostfeld, Zehava (1994). Shoshana Shiftel (ed.). An Army is Born (Vol. 1) (in Hebrew). Israel Ministry of Defense. pp.104–106. ISBN 965-05-0695-0.

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