Mr. Sticky's Underwater Glue

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S. Kaiser, S. Radl, J. Manhart, S. Ayalur-Karunakaran, T. Griesser, A. Moser, C. Ganser, C. Teichert, W. Kern and S. Schlogl, Soft Matter, 2018, 14, 2547–2559 RSC .

Scientists make powerful underwater glue inspired by Scientists make powerful underwater glue inspired by

Y. Liu, M. Xia, L. Wu, S. Pan, Y. Zhang, B. He and P. He, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2019, 58, 21649–21658 CrossRef CAS . To ensure optimal bonding, it is essential to thoroughly clean both surfaces. Remove any grease, dirt, or mould from the items that need to be glued underwater. Intermolecular forces in hydrogel cohesion. The cohesion of underwater adhesion hydrogels can be provided by intermolecular forces synergistically with chemical crosslinks, 74 or by physical crosslinks formed entirely by intermolecular forces. 75,76 The high bond energy of chemical crosslinking provides the hydrogel with certain structural strength, but the covalent bond does not self-heal after breaking. The intermolecular force on the basis of chemical crosslinking can make the crosslinked network of the hydrogel have certain recovery properties. Since the physically crosslinked hydrogels formed by different intermolecular forces are influenced by different environments, smart adhesion can be achieved by adjusting the environment. In the underwater adhesion hydrogel, the synergistic effect of the dominant hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction provides the hydrogel with excellent underwater cohesion. Changing the number of different intermolecular force species can affect the mechanical properties of hydrogels. This subsection will describe the effects of different intermolecular forces and partial synergies on the cohesion of underwater adhesion hydrogels.K. Tsujioka, Y. Matsuo, M. Shimomura and Y. Hirai, Langmuir, 2022, 38, 1215–1222 CrossRef CAS PubMed . Y. Ma, S. Ma, Y. Wu, X. Pei, S. N. Gorb, Z. Wang, W. Liu and F. Zhou, Adv. Mater., 2018, 30, 1801595 CrossRef PubMed . K. Richardson, D. Haynes, A. Talouli and M. Donoghue, Ambio, 2017, 46, 190–200 CrossRef CAS PubMed .

underwater adhesion: adhesion - RSC Publishing Hydrogels for underwater adhesion: adhesion - RSC Publishing

Z. Sun, Z. Li, K. Qu, Z. Zhang, Y. Niu, W. Xu and C. Ren, J. Mol. Liq., 2021, 325, 115254 CrossRef CAS . Chances are you have used super glue before. But just on the off chance you haven’t, I’m going to take you through gluing plants to a piece of driftwood. J. Liu, S. Wang, Q. Shen, L. Kong, G. Huang and J. Wu, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 1535–1544 CrossRef CAS PubMed . Q. Zhao, D. W. Lee, B. K. Ahn, S. Seo, Y. Kaufman, J. N. Israelachvili and J. H. Waite, Nat. Mater., 2016, 15, 407–412 CrossRef CAS PubMed .Fig. 2 Intermolecular forces in hydrogel cohesion: (A) synergy of hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions between hydrogen bond donors and micelles. 26 Figure reproduced with permission from American Chemical Society. (B) Electrostatic interactions between polymer chains. 83 Figure reproduced with permission from Elsevier. (C) Hydrogen bonding cooperating with electrostatic interactions. 82 Figure reproduced with permission from American Chemical Society. (D) Solvent displacement causing hydrophobic interactions. 86 Figure reproduced with permission from American Chemical Society. (E) Underwater adhesion of dopamine to biological tissues under the synergy of SDS hydrophobicity. 94 Figure reproduced with permission from Elsevier. (F) The intermolecular forces of the hydrophilic groups protected by the hydrophobic chains in the underwater interfacial adhesion. 95 Figure reproduced with permission from American Chemical Society. Y. Chen, X. Guo, A. Mensah, Q. Wang and Q. Wei, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 13, 59761–59771 CrossRef CAS PubMed . Y. Wang, X. Yao, S. Wu, Q. Li, J. Lv, J. Wang and L. Jiang, Adv. Mater., 2017, 29, 1700865 CrossRef PubMed . C. Wei, X. Zhu, H. Peng, J. Chen, F. Zhang and Q. Zhao, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2019, 7, 4508–4514 CrossRef CAS .

Coacervation-driven instant paintable underwater adhesives Coacervation-driven instant paintable underwater adhesives

Q. Zhao, D. W. Lee, B. K. Ahn, S. Seo, Y. Kaufman, J. N. Israelachvili and J. H. Waite, Nat. Mater., 2016, 15, 407–412 CrossRef CAS . X. Li, W. Li, Z. Liu, X. Wang, H. Guo, R. Wang, X. Guo, C. Li and X. Jia, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2018, 135, 46579 CrossRef . L. Xue, A. Kovalev, A. Eichler-Volf, M. Steinhart and S. N. Gorb, Nat. Commun., 2015, 6, 6621 CrossRef .

M. Karimi, P. S. Zangabad, S. Baghaee-Ravari, M. Ghazadeh, H. Mirshekari and M. R. Hamblin, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, 139, 4584–4610 CrossRef CAS PubMed . Coacervation-driven instant paintable underwater adhesives with tunable optical and electrochromic properties J. Saiz-Poseu, J. Mancebo-Aracil, F. Nador, F. Busque and D. Ruiz-Molina, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 2019, 58, 696–714 CrossRef CAS PubMed .