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Masculinities, 2nd Edition

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William Fraser Connell papers, 1891-2010". State Library of New South Wales . Retrieved 23 November 2018. Fefferman, Ann M.; Upadhyay, Ushma D. (2018). "Hybrid Masculinity and Young Men's Circumscribed Engagement in Contraceptive Management". Gender & Society. 32 (3): 371–394. doi: 10.1177/0891243218763313. PMC 5939584. PMID 29755203. Hanke, Robert (1992). "Redesigning men: Hegemonic masculinity in transition". In Craig, Steve (ed.). Men, masculinity and the media. Thousand Oaks, California: SAGE Publications. ISBN 9780803941632. Denborough, David (1996), "Step by step: Developing respectful and effective ways of working with young men to reduce violence", in McLean, Christopher; Carey, Maggie; White, Cheryl (eds.), Men's ways of being, Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press, pp. 91–116, ISBN 9780813326535

Masculinities - 2nd Edition - RW Connell - Routledge Book

a b Wetherell, Margaret; Edley, Nigel (August 1999). "Negotiating hegemonic masculinity: Imaginary positions and psycho-discursive practices" (PDF). Feminism & Psychology. 9 (3): 335–356. doi: 10.1177/0959353599009003012. S2CID 145350243. The last stage of childhood, adolescence, marks the onset of puberty and the eventual beginning of adulthood. Hegemonic masculinity then positions some boys, and all girls, as subordinate or inferior to others. [35] Bullying is another avenue in which young men assert their dominance over less "masculine" boys. In this bullying schema, adolescent boys are motivated to be at the top of the scale by engaging in more risk taking activities as well. Oftentimes bullying is motivated by social constructs and generalized ideas of what a young man should be. Gendered sexuality in adolescence refers to the role gender takes in the adolescent's life and how it is informed by and impacts others' perceptions of their sexuality. This can lead to gay bashing and other forms of discrimination if young men seem not to perform the appropriate masculinity. Linda, Lutz, Helma. Herrera Vivar, Maria Teresa. Supik (2016). Framing intersectionality: debates on a multi-faceted concept in gender studies. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-315-58292-4. OCLC 950471796. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link) Oldstone-Moore, Christopher (2018). "(Re)Building the Beard? – Social Science, Gender Theory, and the History of Hair". In Evans, Jennifer; Withey, Alun (eds.). New Perspectives on the History of Facial Hair: Framing the Face. Genders and Sexualities in History. London and New York: Palgrave Macmillan. pp.15–32. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-73497-2_2. ISBN 978-3-319-73497-2. the fundamental study on masculinity as a formative factor of modern social inequality, and also one of the most important books in the social sciences in recent years'Lorber, J. (2000). Using gender to undo gender: A feminist degendering movement. Feminist Theory, 1, 79–95. This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sourcesin this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.

Masculinities: Second Edition - Raewyn Connell - Google Books Masculinities: Second Edition - Raewyn Connell - Google Books

Connell first became known for research on large-scale class dynamics ("Ruling Class, Ruling Culture", 1977 and " Class Structure in Australian History", 1980), and the ways class and gender hierarchies are re-made in the everyday life of schools ("Making the Difference", 1982). a b c d e Scott, John, ed. (2015) [1994]. "Hegemonic masculinity". A Dictionary of Sociology (4thed.). Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. p.302. doi: 10.1093/acref/9780199683581.001.0001. ISBN 9780191763052. LCCN 2014942679. In the late 1980s she developed a social theory of gender relations ("Gender and Power", 1987), which emphasized that gender is a large-scale social structure not just a matter of personal identity. In this text, she proposed that the word "gender" be discussed in terms of three structures (power, production/labor and emotion/sexual relations). In applied fields she has worked on poverty and education, [19] sexuality and AIDS prevention, and labor movement strategy. [20] Connell and Messerschmidt collaborated on a piece, “Hegemonic Masculinity: Rethinking the Concept,” 2005, [21] in response to skepticism that the outcome of her theory creates a fixed typology. [22] In addition to supporting the categorization of her theories, Connell emphasizes the relationship between men and emotions. Connell argues that in today's society, men may be so emotionally disconnected that they are not conscious of their emotional states, such as depression. Many males have learned from their parents, friends, or other peers that they should not show emotion as it can be seen as a weakness. Once these boys become adults, they have developed the ability to suppress their emotional responses, such as crying or even sad facial expressions, to the point where they are really unaware of these emotions and unable to connect with them. One gender cannot be examined in isolation from another and emphasizes that there are disparities among males, even though neither one chooses the Postmodern practice of completely undermining this concept. Connell's writings emphasize the heterogeneous nature of masculinity. In contrast to feminism, masculine politics, according to Connell, cannot be a political movement. Women's marginalized identities frequently undergo positive evaluation on the part of feminists. On the other hand, authors on masculinity are almost always critical of the benefits that come with being a man. Skelton, A. (1993). "On becoming a male physical education teacher: the informal culture of students and the construction of hegemonic masculinity". Gender and Education. 5 (3): 289–303. doi: 10.1080/0954025930050305. Connell is a trans woman, who formally began transitioning late in life. [13] Almost all her earlier work was published under the gender-neutral name "R. W. Connell" up to the second edition of "Masculinities" in 2005. Since 2006 all her work has appeared under the name Raewyn Connell. Connell has also written about trans women and feminism from an international perspective. [14] [15] Major contributions [ edit ]New theory has recognized the layering and potential internal contradictions within all practices that construct masculinities. This is a departure from a unitary masculinity and focus on compromised formations between contradictory desires or emotions. Masculinities are configurations of practice that are constructed, unfold, and change through time. [3] One area of focus may represent that of Western fathers given the gender division of labour in child care, the "long hours culture" of professions and management, and the preoccupation of rich fathers with managing their wealth. [3] While these practices may adhere to conventional Western ideas of hegemonic masculinity, this may not necessarily translate into a satisfying life experience. As gender relations evolve and women's movements grow stronger, the dynamics of masculinities may see a complete abolition of power differentials and a more equitable relationship between men and women and between men and other men. [29] This positive hegemony remains a key strategy for contemporary efforts at reforming gender relations. [27] Groes-Green has argued that Connell's theory of masculinities risks excluding the possibility of more gender equitable or "philogynous" forms of masculinity such as those he has identified in Mozambique. He urges social researchers to begin developing theories and concepts that can improve an understanding of how more positive, alternative and less dominant masculinities may develop even if these are always embedded in local gender power relations. [34] Lifespan development [ edit ] Early childhood [ edit ]

Masculinities by Raewyn W. Connell | Goodreads Masculinities by Raewyn W. Connell | Goodreads

The Australian Sociological Association Distinguished Service Award for services to Sociology in Australia (2007) [33] Masculinities has been translated into many languages and in 2004 it was voted one of the ten most influential books in Australian sociology. This second edition will be essential reading for students taking courses in gender studies, and a valuable reference for readers across the humanities and social sciences.Early criticisms of the concept raised the question of who actually represents hegemonic masculinity. [3] Many men who hold great social power do not embody other aspects of ideal masculinity. Patricia Yancey Martin [22] criticizes the concept for leading to inconsistent applications sometimes referring to a fixed type and other times to whatever the dominant form is. Margaret Wetherell and Nigel Edley [23] contend this concept fails to specify what conformity to hegemonic masculinity actually looks like in practice. Similarly Stephen M. Whitehead [24] suggests there is confusion over who actually is a hegemonically masculine man. Inspired by Gramsci's differentiation between hegemony as a form of ideological consent and dominance as an expression of conflict, Christian Groes-Green [25] has argued that when hegemonic masculinities are challenged in a society dominant masculinities are emerging based on bodily powers, such as violence and sexuality, rather than based on economic and social powers. Through examples from his fieldwork among youth in Maputo, Mozambique he shows that this change is related to social polarization, new class identities and the undermining of breadwinner roles and ideologies in a neoliberal economy. Underwood, S. G. (2003). Gay men and anal eroticism: Tops, bottoms, and versatiles. New York: Harrington.. Masculine identities are constructed through difference and association: being a man involves both not being something other than a man, and being like certain other men. Masculinity involves displaying attitudes and behaviours that signify and validate maleness, and involves being recognised in particular ways by other men and women. Within the overall framework, there are gender relations of dominance and subordination between groups of men. The most common example is the dominance of heterosexual men and the subordination of homosexual men. From the point of view of hegemonic masculinities, homosexuality is easily assimilated to femininity, and is therefore seen to be inferior. Other examples include men who have made a conscious effort to contest and ‘exit’ from hegemonic and complicit positions, or those whose physical appearance does not conform to standards set by hegemonic exemplars.

Raewyn Connell - Wikipedia

R.W Connell, in her book Masculinities (1995), argues that what is important to a meaningful analysis of gender and masculinity is the “… processes and relationships through which men and women conduct gendered lives. ‘Masculinity’, to the extent the term can be briefly defined at all, is simultaneously a place in gender relations, the practices through which men and women engage that place in gender, and the effects of these practices in bodily experience, personality and culture” 65. Connell, Raewyn (2010). "Periphery and Metropole in the History of Sociology". Sociologisk Forskning. 47 (1): 72–86. doi: 10.37062/sf.47.18449. JSTOR 20853698. S2CID 145270318. Hooper, Charlotte (2001). Manly states: masculinities, international relations, and gender politics. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231120753. Connell, R. W. (May 1982). "Class, patriarchy, and Sartre's theory of practice". Theory and Society. 11 (3): 305–320. doi: 10.1007/BF00211660. JSTOR 657273. S2CID 144645215. Honorary awards - Emeritus Professor William Fraser Connell OBE". University of Sydney . Retrieved 23 November 2018.

Translations

Hegemonic masculinity has greatly influenced criminology as data reflects that men and boys perpetuate more conventional crimes and more serious crimes than women and girls. Moreover, men are responsible for much more white-collar crime than women. The concept of hegemonic masculinity helped in theorizing the relationship among masculinities and a variety of crimes. [51] It was also used in studies on specific crimes by boys and men, such as rape in Switzerland, murder in Australia, football hooliganism and white-collar crime in England, and assaultive violence in the United States. [52] Regarding costs and consequences, research in criminology showed how particular patterns of aggression were linked with hegemonic masculinity, not because criminals already had dominant positions, but because they were pursuing them. [53] Media and sports [ edit ] a b Gelb, Steven A. (June 1989). "Language and the problem of male salience in early childhood classroom environments". Early Childhood Research Quarterly. 4 (2): 205–215. doi: 10.1016/S0885-2006(89)80003-1.

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