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Dictionary of the Fungi; Paul M. Kirk, Paul F. Cannon, David W. Minter and J. A. Stalpers; CABI, 2008 The Fool’s Funnel ( Clitocybe rivulosa aka C.dealbata) is one of the more common poisonous species to be found in the UK, as well as in Europe and North America. It appears, alarmingly enough, in some very ‘people orientated’ places such as lawns, parks, road sides etc; in sandy soil, during late summer to late autumn. This dainty, golden mushroom has unique quill-like gills that are easy to identify. Hedgehog mushrooms have a flavor similar to chanterelles but with smokier undertones. Their texture is crunchier than other mushrooms, especially after sauteing in a little butter or oil. More mature specimens have a slightly bitter taste, but this disappears with adequate heat. Honey Fungus Mushroom Dark Honey Fungus Mushrooms ( Armillaria ostoyae) / Sonja Kalee / Pixabay

Mushrooms in the UK - Woodland Trust Most Poisonous Mushrooms in the UK - Woodland Trust

Quite stout and fibrous, they are white and have white, downy fibres towards the base. Jerzy Opioła, CC BY-SA 3.0 , via Wikimedia Commons The Fairy Ring Champignon (Marasmius Oreades) looks very similar and also forms fairy rings in the grass at around the same time of year. The key difference is that the gills of the Fairy Ring Champignon is free from the stem, whereas the gills of the Fools Funnel run slightly down the stem. Where: Normally found in coniferous pine and spruce woods, it grows on the ground and is often among heather and bilberry.

Well I’ve been gathering mushrooms for years, but I’d not ever seen these before – big white funnel shaped mushrooms. Quélet L. (1872). "Les Champignons de Jura et des Vosges" [The Mushrooms of Jura and Vosges]. Mémoires de la Société d'Émulation de Montbéliard. II (in French). 5: 88. The Fragrant Funnel (Clitocybe Fragrans) could also be confused as this also has a strong aniseed smell but it is almost pure white and is generally a lot smaller. Most guides list the Fragrant Funnel as toxic or not worthwhile. They're mysterious, enchanting, fascinating and often beautiful. Yet most of us regard mushrooms and toadstools with suspicion and caution. And for good reason. There are poisonous mushrooms out there, and some of them are deadly. Is it near dead wood? (some species feed off and are attached to dead wood buried underground and therefore not visible)

Fools Funnel (Clitocybe Rivulosa) Identification Fools Funnel (Clitocybe Rivulosa) Identification

Odour: What smells can you detect, if any? Typical Mushroomy smell, of meal, chemical like, fruity? etc. The Margin (the edge of the cap) There are over 10,000 species of fungi that produce mushrooms. These species can be broken down into three categories: edible mushrooms, magic mushrooms, and poisonous mushrooms. Remember how the original button mushrooms were brown until a unique mutation gave us a white variety? Well, Cremini is the name given to the original brown variety of Agaricus bisporus. Even more confusing, these are actually just the immature form of the very popular portabella mushroom. They are even sometimes sold under the name “baby bella.” Clitocybe geotropa, the Trooping Funnel, is usually smaller but with a much taller stem; its spores are inamyloid.

a b Arora D. (1986). Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi. Berkeley, California: Ten Speed Press. pp.158–59. ISBN 978-0-89815-169-5. Synonyms of Clitocybe flaccida are many and varied, and they include Agaricus inversus Scop., Agaricus flaccidus Sowerby, Agaricus lobatus Sowerby, Agaricus gilvus Pers., Agaricus splendens Pers., Omphalia gilva ( Pers.) Gray, Omphalia lobata (Sowerby) Gray, Agaricus lentiginosus Fr., Clitocybe flaccida (Sowerby) P. Kumm., Clitocybe gilva ( Pers.) P. Kumm., Clitocybe inversa ( Scop.) Quél., Clitocybe splendens ( Pers.) Gillet, Lepista gilva ( Pers.) Roze, Lepista inversa ( Scop.) Pat., and Clitocybe flaccida var. lobata (Sowerby) Romagn. & Bon. Etymology Here are some of our favorite mushroom-centric recipes. Try substituting in one of the lesser-known edibles from the list above to elevate any of these dishes to the next level. It’s also best to make note of the sometimes subtle variations of the same colour produced by several species. ie. you will encounter many ‘brown’ shades, ranging from very light/pale, medium to strong or rust-like. There are also many white to cream colour variations too. Experienced foragers often say, if you want to familiarise yourself with only a few mushrooms, it’s always best to recognise the deadly ones! Wise words indeed.