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Pectin is a family of complex polysaccharides, which are found in high amounts in plant primary wall. The main role of the plant wall components is to give mechanical strength to plants, to maintain an extracellular water phase by imbibition and to provide a barrier from external environment. Today, Gal-3 heralds one of the fastest growing fields of medical research, with compelling new data and large-scale studies continuing to highlight the mechanisms by which the overexpression of Gal-3 acts as an upstream initiator for an exhaustive range of pathogenic processes. J.R. Sádaba, et al., “Role for Galectin-3 in Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis,” J. Am. Heart Assoc. 5(11), pii: e004360 (2016). luc orthotopic tumor mouse model: 4T1-luc cells (5 × 10 5/100 μL/each mouse) were injected into the mammary fat pad under #3 mammary gland of each mouse. When the tumor volume reached about 100 mm 3, MCP (low-dose: 350 mg/kg every day; high-dose: 700 mg/kg every day) was given orally at once a day, clodronate liposomes (100 μL/10 g) was administered intravenously every 3 days. Each treatment was performed for consecutive 28 days. Suggested Use:As a dietary supplement, for maximum support, take one 5 gram scoop 3 times daily with liquid on any empty stomach. For long term maintenance, take one 5 gram scoop daily with liquid on an empty stomach.
PectaSol Capsules | Clinically-Proven Modified Citrus Pectin PectaSol Capsules | Clinically-Proven Modified Citrus Pectin
Another significant study investigated the role of Gal-3 as a driver of oxidative stress in human cardiac fibroblasts, spontaneously hypertensive animal models and human aortic stenosis tissue. Results showed Gal-3 downregulates the antioxidant peroxiredoxin-4 (Prx-4) in cardiac fibroblasts, uncovering a new pathway whereby Gal-3 fuels cardiac damage. Importantly, MCP treatment restored cardiac Prx-4 and improved oxidative status. 3 Hopefully, this dietary supplement will ultimately be one that lives up to its promise. In the meantime, we will continue to keep an eye on all this has to offer. Additional inflammatory conditions, including liver and kidney disease, arthritis, obesity, neurodegeneration and infection have all shown a significant reduction by this researched form of MCP. I. Eliaz, E. Weil and B. Wilk, “Integrative Medicine and the Role of Modified Citrus Pectin/Alginates in Heavy Metal Chelation and Detoxification — Five Case Reports,” Forsch Komplementmed. 14(6), 358–364 (2007). In parallel, pectin-derived biocompatible hydrogel loaded with different chemotherapeutic drugs have been produced. Doxorubicin-containing hydrogels displayed cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells and inhibited homotypic aggregation of B16 melanoma cells, suggesting that it could also prevent metastasis in vivo ( Takei et al., 2010). Similarly, pectin-coated chitosan gels encapsulating 5-fluorouracil showed controlled drug release and cytotoxicity against two cancer cell lines ( Puga et al., 2013). Anti-cancer in vivo activity was also evidenced using doxorubicin-pectin hydrogel in subcutaneous B16 melanoma cell tumor in mice ( Takei et al., 2013).PectaSol MCP and PectaSol-C MCP can inhibit cell proliferation and apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines. Our data suggested that 1.0% PectaSol-C can be used for further chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic analysis in vivo. An erythrocyte hemolysis assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of pectin cerium oxide nanoparticles (Pe-CeO 2NPs), finding for the first time that when Pe-CeO 2NPs are detected in their natural habitat, they are biocompatible with living creatures [ 99]. Conversely, when the dosage of Pe-CeO2NPs was increased from 0.05 to 8.00 mg/mL, both the amount (0.55–8.31%) and rate (0.55–8.31%) of hemolysis increased. A 4 mg/mL concentration of Pe-CeO 2NPs was found to cause 4.55% hemolysis and was determined to be the appropriate concentration for human consumption based on the permitted hemolysis limit established for biocompatibility studies of materials and biomaterials [ 99]. It was found that a zebrafish toxicity model was effective in this study. In May 2011, data from the Prevention of REnal and Vascular ENd-stage Disease (PREVEND) study, a 10-year all-cause mortality investigation involving close to 8000 people, demonstrated that elevated serum Gal-3 increased all-cause mortality three-fold in the general population. 7 Another compelling large-scale study showed lower levels of Gal-3 in centenarians compared with those in their sixties and seventies who didn’t live as long. 8
Letter to the Editor: Not all modified citrus pectins are the
Cytotoxicity analysis of PectaSol-C was performed by MTT assay, as were parallel studies with the former brand version of MCP called PectaSol. Apoptosis and inhibition of cell growth were investigated by Western blotting. Galectin-3, a β-galactoside-binding lectin, is involved in tumor proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, metastasis, drug resistance, and immunosuppression. It has also been reported to play a significant role in many aspects of macrophage biology, such as migration, apoptosis, phagocytosis, and adhesion [ 3], indicating that galectin-3 might be a potential target for TAM to be involved in the tumor-promoting effects of TAM.
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From driving proinflammatory, profibrotic and procancerous pathways to promoting immune evasion, metabolic dysfunction and blood-brain barrier permeability, Gal-3 plays such a fundamental role that some experts are calling for a new category of health conditions: Elevated Galectin-3 Diseases. Glucose concentration in medium supernatant of cells was detected according to the protocol of Glucose Assay Kit (NJJCBIO, Wuhan, China). The amount of glucose uptake is equal to the amount of glucose in fresh medium minus the amount of glucose in the medium supernatant of treatment group. Cells were collected and the number of cells was counted by cell counter. The values of glucose level were normalized to the number of cells. Lactate acid assay Not unlike most substances, there can be potential downsides to taking modified citrus pectin. MCP’s main side effects include cramping and diarrhea. These generally resolve once MCP is discontinued [ 5, 7, 10]. We now understand that as a culprit biomarker, extracellular Gal-3 functions as a key driver behind the development and progression of metastatic cancer, cardiovascular disease, organ fibrosis, neurodegenerative disease, immune dysregulation, premature ageing and many other conditions.
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