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Evans, Harold (2004), They Made America. New York: Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 978-0-316-27766-2. p. 152. a b Homans, James E., ed. (1918). "Edison, Thomas Alva". The Cyclopædia of American Biography. New York: The Press Association Compilers, Inc.
Edison and Ford Winter Estates. Media kit. Retrieved on 10/9/2019" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on October 9, 2019 . Retrieved October 9, 2019. Vegetarianism Quotes from Noteworthy People". Archived from the original on April 13, 2016 . Retrieved April 5, 2016. Jill Jonnes, Empires of Light: Edison, Tesla, Westinghouse, And The Race To Electrify The World, Random House – 2004, pp. 54–60.
In 1887, Edison won the Matteucci Medal. In 1890, he was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. Review: Thomas Edison's life of ceaseless action". America Magazine. April 24, 2020. Archived from the original on August 31, 2021 . Retrieved August 31, 2021. Baldwin, Neil. 2001. Edison: Inventing the century. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 97–98. William Joseph Hammer, a consulting electrical engineer, started working for Edison and began his duties as a laboratory assistant in December 1879. He assisted in experiments on the telephone, phonograph, electric railway, iron ore separator, electric lighting, and other developing inventions. However, Hammer worked primarily on the incandescent electric lamp and was put in charge of tests and records on that device (see Hammer Historical Collection of Incandescent Electric Lamps). In 1880, he was appointed chief engineer of the Edison Lamp Works. In his first year, the plant under general manager Francis Robbins Upton turned out 50,000 lamps. According to Edison, Hammer was "a pioneer of incandescent electric lighting". [33] Frank J. Sprague, a competent mathematician and former naval officer, was recruited by Edward H. Johnson and joined the Edison organization in 1883. One of Sprague's contributions to the Edison Laboratory at Menlo Park was to expand Edison's mathematical methods. Despite the common belief that Edison did not use mathematics, analysis of his notebooks reveal that he was an astute user of mathematical analysis conducted by his assistants such as Francis Robbins Upton, for example, determining the critical parameters of his electric lighting system including lamp resistance by an analysis of Ohm's Law, Joule's Law and economics. [34] Edison's Menlo Park Lab, 1880 Proclamation 5013 – National Inventors' Day, 1983". Ronald Reagan Presidential Library. Archived from the original on April 10, 2014 . Retrieved February 24, 2013.
Shulman, Seth (1999). Owning the Future. Houghton Mifflin Company. pp. 158–160. ISBN 9780395841754. Life magazine (USA), in a special double issue in 1997, placed Edison first in the list of the "100 Most Important People in the Last 1000 Years", noting that the light bulb he promoted "lit up the world". In the 2005 television series The Greatest American, he was voted by viewers as the fifteenth greatest. Edison became concerned with America's reliance on foreign supply of rubber and was determined to find a native supply of rubber. Edison's work on rubber took place largely at his research laboratory in Fort Myers, which has been designated as a National Historic Chemical Landmark. [84] Edison's Forgotten 'Invention': A Phone That Calls the Dead". GE Reports. October 28, 2010. Archived from the original on November 11, 2013.
Edison’s later life
Lewis Howard Latimer". National Park Service. Archived from the original on February 7, 2015 . Retrieved June 10, 2007. Kautonen, Mika (November 18, 2015). "A history of continuous change and innovation". Smart Tampere Ecosystem. Archived from the original on December 9, 2021 . Retrieved December 9, 2021. The incandescent light bulb patented by Edison also began to gain widespread popularity in Europe as well. Mahen Theatre in Brno (in what is now the Czech Republic), opened in 1882, and was the first public building in the world to use Edison's electric lamps. Francis Jehl, Edison's assistant in the invention of the lamp, supervised the installation. [67] In September 2010, a sculpture of three giant light bulbs was erected in Brno, in front of the theater. [68] The first Edison light bulbs in the Nordic countries were installed at the weaving hall of the Finlayson's textile factory in Tampere, Finland in March 1882. [69] Electric power distribution a b c d e f g h Kennelly, Arthur E. (1932). Biographical Memoir of Thomas Alva Edison (PDF). National Academy of Sciences. pp.300–301. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 12, 2013 . Retrieved April 2, 2012. Gabriela: Here's Robert Friedel, a history professor at the University of Maryland and co-author of “Edison's Electric Light.”
Edison's Companies – The Edison Papers". Archived from the original on October 8, 2013 . Retrieved December 30, 2016. Gabriela: So Edison proposed putting the copper wires underground, but that meant another problem: How do you insulate and protect the copper? Edison gave that task to engineer Wilson Howell. In Howell's journal, he described how he went about trying to solve this problem: Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna (1980). Collected Writings, Vol. XII. Wheaton, IL: Theosophical Publishing House. p.130. Trollinger, Vernon (February 11, 2013). "Happy Birthday, Thomas Edison!". Bounce Energy. Archived from the original on June 2, 2013 . Retrieved February 24, 2013.
Privacy & Transparency
Green Chemistry: The Nexus Blog: Thomas Edison'... | ACS Network". communities.acs.org. May 21, 2014. Archived from the original on August 18, 2016 . Retrieved August 1, 2016. Essig, Mark (2009), Edison and the Electric Chair: A Story of Light and Death, Bloomsbury Publishing US, pp. 139–140. Jill Jonnes: So then he had to invent a long-lasting incandescent light bulb, which was an extremely difficult proposition that he really underestimated. Gabriela: In exchange, the competitive Edison gave his team a challenge by stating in a number of newspapers that he would light up a square mile of Manhattan with incandescent light. Any day now. But progress had been slow. There was mounting pressure and a growing sense of frustration from the public at large and especially from Edison's investors.
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