Rocks and Hard Places: The Globalization of Mining (Global Issues)

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Gauß, Roland, et al. 2021. Rare earth magnets and motors: A European call for action. ERMA. https://eitrawmaterials.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/ERMA-Action-Plan-2021-A-European-Call-for-Action.pdf. Accessed 1 Sept 2022. Meanwhile, demand for copper will double by 2035, creating a supply gap that could threaten climate goals and pose serious challenges to reaching net zero emissions by 2050, according to research by S&P Global’s Economics & Country Risk, Commodity Insights, and Mobility teams. Powell, Jamie. 2021. The European electric vehicle landscape. Financial Times, 27 January. https://www.ft.com/content/4cbf843e-2503-462c-a9cf-1fdc502ffddc. Accessed 1 Sept 2022.

European Council. 2022. EU-China summit: Restoring peace and stability in Ukraine Is a Shared Responsibility. European Council, 1 April. https://www.consilium.europa.eu/en/press/press-releases/2022/04/01/eu-china-summit-restoring-peace-and-stability-in-ukraine-is-a-shared-responsibility/. Accessed 3 Apr 2022. Nikkei Asia. 2021. How it happened: Transcript of the US-China opening remarks in Alaska. Nikkei Asia, 22 March. https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/US-China-tensions/How-it-happened-Transcript-of-the-US-China-opening-remarks-in-Alaska. Accessed 10 Sept 2022. China’s control of rare earth metals. The National Bureau of Asian Research (NBR) (blog), 13 August. https://www.nbr.org/publication/chinas-control-of-rare-earth-metals/. Accessed 11 June 2021.Global EV Outlook 2022, IEA. https://www.iea.org/data-and-statistics/data-product/global-ev-outlook-2022. Accessed 2 Dec 2022. New China TV. 2021. Cooperation under BRI makes Progress, Show Resilience amid Pandemic: Chinese FM. New China TV, 2 January. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h83fhuxcPL8. Accessed 1 Sept 2022. Liboreiro, Jorge. 2022. Ukraine war: EU urges China to stay neutral but secures no guarantees. Euronews, 1 April. https://www.euronews.com/my-europe/2022/04/01/ukraine-war-eu-urges-china-to-stay-neutral-but-without-securing-any-guarantees. Accessed 1 Aug 2022.

Gielen, Dolf. 2021. Critical materials for the energy transition. IRENA, May. https://www.irena.org/Technical-Papers/Critical-Materials-For-The-Energy-Transition. Accessed 12 Sept 2022. FACT SHEET: Chips and science act will lower costs, create jobs, strengthen supply chains, and counter China. The White House, 9 August. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/statements-releases/2022/08/09/fact-sheet-chips-and-science-act-will-lower-costs-create-jobs-strengthen-supply-chains-and-counter-china/. Accessed 1 Sept 2022.

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a b c Davids, Brian (April 26, 2022). " Better Call Saul Writer-Director Gordon Smith Breaks Down Devastating Third Episode". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on April 28, 2022 . Retrieved April 29, 2022. Hauser, Hermann. 2021. The struggle for technology sovereignty in Europe. Project Syndicate, 12 March. https://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/europe-technology-sovereignty-imperative-by-hermann-hauser-2021-03. Accessed 1 Sept 2022. The race for critical minerals in an era of geopolitical realignments. The International Spectator 55 (3 (July)): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1080/03932729.2020.1786926.

In the shot where Mike is dropped off from the van in the desert, a person dressed in blue can be seen moving in the bushes near the top-left corner of the screen. It is unknown who this person is. Huell: " Can I ask you sum'n?" Jimmy: " Sure, go ahead." Huell: " Personal, kind of." Jimmy: " Okay. What?" Huell: " You're a lawyer. You make good money, right?" Jimmy: " Good days and bad, but yeah." Huell: " Legit money, on the level." Jimmy: " Yeah, so?" Huell: " Your wife's a lawyer. A legit lawyer." Jimmy: " Yeah." Huell: " Why you do all this?" Jimmy: " Oh, I got you. I–I know from the outside that this looks like just another scam, but you're not seeing the bigger picture. Couple months from now, there are people whose lives are gonna be way better. Because of this. We're making a real difference. Trust me. We're doing the Lord's work here." Huell: " Hmph. If you say so." ―Jimmy and Huell's conversation as they sit in a car after duplicating the keys to Howard's Jaguar The intro of the episode is a flash-forward: the flower is growing in the place where Nacho died with some fans taking this with a poetic meaning that the desert is mourning Nacho's death, the piece of glass being the one he used to wound Bolsa and take his gun, before killing himself. Parish notice: this edition of The Road Ahead is co-authored with Graham Robertson, Head of Client Portfolio Management at Man AHL, deeply knowledgeable in all things Trend and portfolio construction, and a stand-up fellow to boot. And now onward. Long-only investors at an unappealing crossroads

Piore, Adam. 2022. Beijing’s plan to control the World’s data: Out-Google Google. Newsweek, 7 September. https://www.newsweek.com/2022/09/16/beijings-plan-control-worlds-data-out-google-google-1740426.html. Accessed 14 Sept 2022. It is true that, as was the case in 1998/99 or 2020/21, a market’s valuation can go from very expensive to very, very expensive. That is a possibility, with AI being the mooted touchpaper, but in our view, and as discussed in the last Road Ahead, the probabilistic risk/reward skew is slanted in one direction, and it ain’t up. And we don’t think you have to have a particularly bearish economic outlook to think this. We don’t. Blenkinsop, Philip. 2020. EU agrees investment deal with China to rebalance ties. Reuters, 30 December. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-eu-china-trade/eu-agrees-investment-deal-with-china-to-rebalance-ties-idUSKBN2941AP. Accessed 10 July 2022. Lee, Yen Nee. 2020. China Is Not an ‘expansionist Empire,’ State Media Says after Signing of Mega Trade Deal. CNBC, 16 November. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/11/16/chinese-state-media-on-the-signing-of-worlds-largest-trade-deal-rcep.html. Accessed 29 Aug 2022. The geopolitics of contention centering around growing US-China hyper-competition has polarized the transition to a decarbonized global economy and has made digitalization a battleground over control of the tech imperium. This dangerous development undermines the realization of a coordinated international response to the climate crisis. It has also led to the securitization of access to critical minerals and their extensive globalized supply chains, jeopardizing the manufacturing of technological end products at a time when an already narrow window for constructing new infrastructure and deploying green technology is rapidly closing. The overuse of economic statecraft to settle a wide range of disputes (exacerbated by the Russian invasion of Ukraine) has, moreover, further fueled renationalizing narratives that seek to break ties of interdependence. This chapter provides insight into the latest manifestation of resource competition. It recommends the lowering of the rhetoric of hyper-competition so that the response to the climate crisis does not become a starting pistol for a new scramble: for inputs, “geopolitically engineered” supply chains and the building up of tech and knowledge barriers that produce new exclusions and inequities engendering securitized solutions to global challenges. Keywords

European Battery Alliance. 2020. Building a European Battery Industry. European Battery Alliance. https://www.eba250.com/. Accessed 15 Nov 2020. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Peoples Republic of China. 2020. Joint Leaders’ statement on the regional comprehensive economic partnership (RCEP), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Peoples Republic of China, 16 November. https://www.fmprc.gov.cn/mfa_eng/wjdt_665385/2649_665393/t1832612.shtml. Accessed 11 June 2021. NPR. 2021. The senate passes a bill to encourage tech competition, especially with China. NPR.org, 8 June. https://www.npr.org/2021/06/08/1004600001/the-senate-passes-a-bill-to-encourage-tech-competition-especially-with-china. Accessed 12 June 2021. Gus, Tyrus, and Victor meet with Juan Bolsa, Hector Salamanca, and the Cousins to hand Nacho over, while Mike trains his sniper rifle on the meeting location from a distance. [b] As planned, Nacho claims he aided the Alvarezes to kill Lalo. He then bolsters his confession by revealing that he tried to kill Hector, but Gus saved him. [c] Nacho uses the piece of broken glass he retrieved from Gus' trash [d] to cut his restraints, seizes Bolsa's gun, and shoots himself in the head. As Gus and his men depart, the Cousins assist Hector to fire bullets into Nacho's lifeless body.JL MAG RARE-EARTH CO., LTD. 2022. Proposed investment in the construction of the ‘project for comprehensive utilization of waste magnetic steel’. JL MAG RARE-EARTH CO., LTD, 9 September. Qian, Zhou and Sofia Brooke. 2022. China merges three rare earths state-owned entities to increase pricing power and efficiency. China Briefing, 12 January. https://www.china-briefing.com/news/china-merges-three-rare-earths-state-owned-entities-to-increase-pricing-power-and-efficiency/