Secret Alliances: Special Operations and Intelligence in Norway 1940 1945

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Britain, France and Russia overcame their historical conflicts and tensions to form a three way entente in the early 1900s. A Satirical Look at the Entente Cordiale – Germany pretends to be non-plussed by Britain and France’s new friendship. The Anglo-Russian Convention (1907) EUROPE, 1940. NAZI FORCES SWEEP ACROSS THE CONTINENT, WITH A BRITISH INVASION LIKELY ONLY WEEKS AWAY. NEVER BEFORE HAS A RESISTANCE MOVEMENT BEEN SO CRUCIAL TO THE WAR EFFORT. The Entente Cordiale (1904). Meaning ‘friendly agreement’, the Entente Cordiale was a series of agreements between Britain and France. The Entente ended a century of hostility between the two cross-channel neighbours. It also resolved some colonial disagreements and other minor but lingering disputes. The Entente was not a military alliance; neither signatory was obliged to provide military support for the other. Nevertheless it was seen as the first step towards an Anglo-French military alliance.

Although the Anglo-Russian Convention was not a military alliance, it was extremely important politically from an imperial standpoint, and took Germany totally off guard. Russia and France were now no longer Britain’s biggest imperial rivals abroad—that mantle now belonged to Germany. The Triple Entente (1907) Sometimes this was just a move to isolate and starve their rivals. These alliances often did not last as they either collapsed when new leaders took over or were replaced by other alliances.An alliance can be defined as a formal, economic, military, or political agreement between two or more nations. Military alliances were (and still are) the most common alliances during and after World War I. a b "The State Duma ratified Treaties of Friendship with the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics". 22 February 2022. An example was France and England, who were ancient rivals, which led to open warfare several times.

In Europe, during the nineteenth century and the early part of the twentieth century, military alliances in particular were prevalent, as countries sought to defend themselves from possible aggressors close to home. Early Examples of the Alliance System Solomon Islands signs China pact, defying Australia". Taipei Times. 20 April 2022 . Retrieved 20 April 2022.

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S. Korea looks to revive military pact with Japan upon thaw". Koreaherald.com. 9 March 2023 . Retrieved 6 May 2023. Encompassing both the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars, the Coalition Wars were a series of seven wars undertaken by a number of different military alliances between the great European powers. Secret Alliances is a "thorough, authoritative and probably definitive account" of "the successes and failures of UK-Norwegian collaboration". Alan Judd, Former British Diplomat, Novelist and Biographer, The Spectator It was common during the 19th and early 20th centuries for European nations to form, annul, and restructure alliances regularly. A fascinating account of Anglo-Norwegian cooperation in the heroic struggle against German occupation.” Andy McNab

The Triple Entente (or Triple Friendship) of 1907 was an informal agreement between France, Russia and Great Britain, and was seen as a counterweight to the Triple Alliance (between Germany, Austria-Hungry and Italy). The First Treaty of London, also known as the Convention of 1839, while not strictly speaking an alliance, is mentioned here given its importance in the events leading up to World War I. On August 31, 1907, Great Britain, Russia, and France formed the Triple Entente, which then became the Allied Powers in the First World War. ‘Entente’ is French for ‘agreement.’ A fascinating and novel insight into British intelligence and special operations in wartime Norway. Among a number of important new sources, Tony Insall has discovered in Oslo top-secret SIS files which are unavailable in Britain.” Professor Christopher Andrew, founder of Cambridge University Intelligence Seminar and author of The Secret World: A History of IntelligenceWe have established the web of alliances that had been created amongst the major powers in the latter half of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, but how did the alliance system directly contribute towards starting the First World War? Secret Clauses in Alliances