About this deal
For 10/100 Ethernet to work, you need to have a straight through connection of pins 1, 2, 3, and 6, and the other pins are not relevant/not used in this scenario.
RJ11 to RJ45 - Super User networking - Convert RJ11 to RJ45 - Super User
The answer is possibly... but without knowing more about the cable and the layout it is difficult to tell. In theory, telephony cable can be used to support 10/100 connections (not Gigabit) over short distances. If you can find a telephony cable that is not cut and is a "home run" between the two points you need to connect, and it contains at least 4 conductors, it may be possible. In the 568B color code, we need W/O-O/W (Pins 1&2) and W/G-G/W pairs (Pins 3&6) Pins 4, 5, 7, and 8 can be ignored (they are for PoE and Gigabit applications, which we are not going attempt with this type of cable).