FSFF Real Rabbit Skull - Animal Skull Model - Taxidermy Animal Head - Animal Skeleton Bar Home Decoration Art Collection Veterinary Teaching Tool

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The bones of the forearm are radius and ulna which are closely held together at the two ends, so that they cannot move over each other. The ulna is the long bone and proximally bears a prominent projection called the olecranon process. It articulates with the olecranon fossa of humerus.

The adult male reproductive system forms the same as most mammals with the seminiferous tubular compartment containing the Sertoli cells and an adluminal compartment that contains the Leydig cells. [44] The Leydig cells produce testosterone, which maintains libido [44] and creates secondary sex characteristics such as the genital tubercle and penis. The Sertoli cells triggers the production of Anti-Müllerian duct hormone, which absorbs the Müllerian duct. In an adult male rabbit, the sheath of the penis is cylinder-like and can be extruded as early as two months of age. [45] The scrotal sacs lay lateral to the penis and contain epididymal fat pads which protect the testes. Between 10 and 14 weeks, the testes descend and are able to retract into the pelvic cavity to thermoregulate. [45] Furthermore, the secondary sex characteristics, such as the testes, are complex and secrete many compounds. These compounds include fructose, citric acid, minerals, and a uniquely high amount of catalase. [44] Diagram of the female rabbit reproductive system with main components labeled.

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The tibia bone of the rabbit is thin, and you will find an elongated interosseous space between the tibia and fibula bones. The distal end of the fibula is completely fused with the distal end of the tibia bone. There is a prominent and sharp tibia crest on the tibia bone. You will find only one popliteal line at the caudal aspect of the rabbit tibia bone. The anatomy of rabbits' hind limbs is structurally similar to that of other land mammals and contributes to their specialized form of locomotion. The bones of the hind limbs consist of long bones (the femur, tibia, fibula, and phalanges) as well as short bones (the tarsals). These bones are created through endochondral ossification during development. Like most land mammals, the round head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of the os coxae. The femur articulates with the tibia, but not the fibula, which is fused to the tibia. The tibia and fibula articulate with the tarsals of the pes, commonly called the foot. The hind limbs of the rabbit are longer than the front limbs. This allows them to produce their hopping form of locomotion. Longer hind limbs are more capable of producing faster speeds. Hares, which have longer legs than cottontail rabbits, are able to move considerably faster. [13] Rabbits stay just on their toes when moving; this is called digitigrade locomotion. The hind feet have four long toes that allow for this and are webbed to prevent them from spreading when hopping. [14] Rabbits do not have paw pads on their feet like most other animals that use digitigrade locomotion. Instead, they have coarse compressed hair that offers protection. [15] Musculature The rabbit's hind limb (lateral view) includes muscles involved in the quadriceps and hamstrings. Rabbits have muscled hind legs that allow for maximum force, maneuverability, and acceleration that is divided into three main parts: foot, thigh, and leg. The hind limbs of a rabbit are an exaggerated feature. They are much longer than the forelimbs, providing more force. Rabbits run on their toes to gain the optimal stride during locomotion. The force put out by the hind limbs is contributed by both the structural anatomy of the fusion tibia and fibula, and muscular features. [16] Bone formation and removal, from a cellular standpoint, is directly correlated to hind limb muscles. Action pressure from muscles creates force that is then distributed through the skeletal structures. Rabbits that generate less force, putting less stress on bones are more prone to osteoporosis due to bone rarefaction. [17] In rabbits, the more fibers in a muscle, the more resistant to fatigue. For example, hares have a greater resistance to fatigue than cottontails. The muscles of rabbit's hind limbs can be classified into four main categories: hamstrings, quadriceps, dorsiflexors, or plantar flexors. The quadriceps muscles are in charge of force production when jumping. Complementing these muscles are the hamstrings, which aid in short bursts of action. These muscles play off of one another in the same way as the plantar flexors and dorsiflexors, contributing to the generation and actions associated with force. [18] Ears Anatomy of mammalian ear A Holland Lop resting with one ear up and one ear down. Some rabbits can adjust their ears to hear distant sounds. Weisbroth, Steven H.; Flatt, Ronald E.; Kraus, Alan L. (1974). The Biology of the Laboratory Rabbit. doi: 10.1016/c2013-0-11681-9. ISBN 9780127421506.

There are two elongated ovaries along the dorsal wall and posterior to the kidney. You will find a slender flexuous fallopian tube in rabbit female anatomy. The uterus of a rabbit is a typical duplex type. It has the same parts –horns, body, and cervix as you found in other animals. The European rabbit has been introduced to many places around the world. [11] A recent study found that "the (so-called) Chinese rabbits were introduced from Europe. Genetic diversity in Chinese rabbits was very low." [68]Living with a House Rabbit". Archived from the original on 21 September 2017 . Retrieved 21 September 2017. Year of the Cat OR Year of the Rabbit?". nwasianweekly.com. 3 February 2011 . Retrieved 27 February 2018. Tight temporomandibular joint, allowing for a powerful bite but not sideways grinding motion of the jaw. The thorax of rabbit is bounded mid-ventrally by the sternum which consists of five elongated bony pieces, known as sternebrae. Thus, the sternebrae together constitute the main body of the sternum, called mesosternum. The first anterior most sternebra is the longest and called manubrium or presternum. This segment also consists of five bones, a presphenoid ventrally, two orbitosphenoids one on either side and two frontals dorsally.

You will find eight carpal bones in the rabbit skeleton. There are five cylindrical metacarpal bones in each limb of the rabbit. The first metacarpal bone is the smallest, and the third and fourth are the longest. You will find two phalanges in the first digit and three phalanges in the remaining four digits of the rabbit. Hindlimb bones of the rabbit The pancreas is located in the fold of the mesentery, passing across the close loop of the duodenum. It is a diffuse and delicate gland in a rabbit. You will find single pancreatic ducts that open in the duodenum.

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You will not find the muzzle in a rabbit. The upper lip is fleshy and divided into two halves. The tongue of a rabbit is a muscular organ and comparatively thin. The tip of the tongue is blunt, and there are no torus linguae. It is attached by muscle to the hyoid apparatus and bears numerous taste buds. You will find filiform, fungiform, vallate, and foliate papillae. There is a broad and white color prominence at the root of the tongue. Hard pellets are made up of hay-like fragments of plant cuticle and stalk, being the final waste product after redigestion of soft pellets. These are only released outside the burrow or form and are not reingested. Soft pellets are usually produced several hours after grazing, after the hard pellets have all been excreted. [ citation needed] They are made up of micro-organisms and undigested plant cell walls. [ citation needed] Fayez, I; Marai, M; Alnaimy, A; Habeeb, M (1994). "Thermoregulation in rabbits". In Baselga, M; Marai, I.F.M. (eds.). Rabbit production in hot climates. Zaragoza: CIHEAM. pp.33–41. Sagittal crest: a ridge along the top of the head, formed where the parietal bones from each side meet in the middle. The sagittal crest forms an attachment point for extra-large temporalis muscles. The temporalis is one of the main muscles responsible for biting and chewing; it extends from the sagittal crest down to the coronoid process. An animal with a powerful bite is likely to have large temporalis muscles, a sagittal crest, and large coronoid processes. Many mammals do not have a sagittal crest; the muscles simply attach to the sides of the skull. Each alisphenoid is produced below into a bilaminate process, the pterygoid process, connected with the palatine and bounded in front by a slit-like aperture, the sphenoidal fissure (foramen lacerum anterius) opening into the cranial cavity.