Professional Otoscope Auroscope with accessories from Sigma Lance

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By toggling through the light settings a blue light will come on which can highlight fluorescein staining of abrasions and ulcers. Otoscopes are fitted with × 3 magnification that helps in zooming any foreign objects including wax in the ear. It also has a large viewing window that allows specialists to extensively assess the inner part of the ear. Besides, the fiber optic otoscope uses LED light to illuminate inside the ear for clarity. Proper diagnosis with regards to identification of objects is crucial in determining a possible solution to the affected ear.

Sensorineural hearing loss occurs due to dysfunction of the cochlea and/or vestibulocochlear nerve. Causes of sensorineural hearing loss include increasing age (presbycusis), excessive noise exposure, genetic mutations, viral infections (e.g. cytomegalovirus) and ototoxic agents (e.g. gentamicin). The Arclight can be attached to the camera of a smartphone using a clip (Figure 7), allowing easy recording of footage from the ophthalmoscope, otoscope and anterior segment loupe. Ensure the light is working on the otoscope and apply a sterile speculum (the largest that will comfortably fit in the external auditory meatus). Klaus D. Peter, Gummersbach, Germany. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Basal cell carcinoma. Licence: CC BY 3.0 DE. Ask the patient if they can now hear the sound again. If they can hear the sound, it suggests air conduction is better than bone conduction, which is what would be expected in a healthy individual (this is often confusingly referred to as a “Rinne’s positive” result). Summary of Rinne’s test results

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Bulging of the TM suggests increased middle ear pressure, which is commonly caused by acute otitis media with effusion (there is often an associated visible fluid level). Many otoscopes used in doctors offices are wall-mounted while others are portable. Wall-mounted otoscopes are attached by a flexible power cord to a base, which serves to hold the otoscope when it's not in use and also serves as a source of electric power, being plugged into an electric outlet. Portable models are powered by batteries in the handle; these batteries are usually rechargeable and can be recharged from a base unit. Otoscopes are often sold with ophthalmoscopes as a diagnostic set.

Advance the otoscope under direct vision. Be gentle with the otoscope and ensure movements are slow and considered otherwise you will cause discomfort. External auditory canal assessment Scarring of the TM is known as tympanosclerosis and can result in significant conductive hearing loss if it is extensive.Before inserting the otoscope cone into the ear canal, the outer ear is inspected for any signs of disease that may relate to the patient's symptoms. For example, if the complaint is of ear pain, there may be evidence of an infection of the outer ear in the form of redness or slight swelling. Examination of the external auditory canal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Anotia.

Inspect the conchal bowl for signs of active infection such as erythema and purulent discharge. Palpation Components of an otoscope Anatomy of the human ear Right tympanic membrane as seen through a speculum A doctor performs an otoscopy examinationThese results should be assessed in context with the results of Weber’s test before any diagnostic assumptions are made: Causes of TM perforation include infection (e.g. otitis media with effusion), trauma (e.g. diving-related), cholesteatoma and insertion of tympanostomy tubes (also known as grommets).

Select the light you require (e.g. varying levels of white light or blue light) using the grey switch and hold it close to your eye. Normally the air pressure within the middle ear is the same as that in the outer ear. This allows the eardrum to lie in its middle position and respond to sound vibration most efficiently.To alleviate some of these difficulties in performing a successful otoscopic examination, video-otoscopes have been introduced in recent years and studied for their efficacy in diagnosing ear conditions. Video otoscopes allow the provider to introduce a small camera into the patient’s external auditory canal to visualize the tympanic membrane. Research into the effectiveness of video-otoscopy suggests that this technique may be superior compared to conventional otoscopy in assessing pathological conditions of the tympanic membrane. [1] Otoscopes are also frequently used for examining patients' noses (avoiding the need for a separate nasal speculum) and (with the speculum removed) upper throats. Sensorineural deafness: air conduction > bone conduction (Rinne’s positive) – due to both air and bone conduction being reduced equally Deformity of the pinnae: this may be acquired (e.g. cauliflower ear) or congenital (e.g. anotia, microtia, low-set ears). Erythema suggests inflammation of the TM which can occur in conditions such as acute otitis media. Shape