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VITCAS HPM-Heatproof Mortar – Air Setting - Cement Ready Mixed - Heat Resistant Mortar for Fire bricks in fireplace, stoves, boilers etc - Indoor Use

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A mortar can be moved around by one or more people (bigger mortars can usually be broken down into parts) or moved around in a vehicle. An infantry mortar can usually be set up and fired from a mortar-carrier. A mortar-carrier is a modified armoured vehicle or one built especially to be a mortar-carrier. They have a big hatch on the roof. Mortars with two barrels—like the AMOS PT1—are the latest kinds of heavy mortar. They are put on carriers such as armoured personnel carriers, tank chassis and patrol boats. [3] Alliant Techsystems Takes Army Mortar Contract (Again)". defenseindustrydaily.com. Archived from the original on 2006-03-18 . Retrieved 2018-06-11. Modern mortars and their ammunition are generally much smaller and lighter than long range artillery such as guns and howitzers, which allows light and medium (typically, 60mm and 81mm/82mm) mortars to be considered light weapons; i.e. capable of transport by personnel without vehicle assistance. Northrop Grumman Corporation". Northrop Grumman. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10 . Retrieved 2018-06-11. Franz Babinger (1992). Mehmed the Conqueror and His Time. Princeton University Press. p.140. ISBN 978-0-691-01078-6.

A mortar is usually a simple, lightweight, man-portable, muzzle-loaded weapon, consisting of a smooth-bore (although some models use a rifled barrel) metal tube fixed to a base plate (to spread out the recoil) with a lightweight bipod mount and a sight. They launch explosive shells (technically called bombs) [1] in high-arching ballistic trajectories. Mortars are typically used as indirect fire weapons for close fire support with a variety of ammunition.

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Fire Cement is a ready and mixed combination of thermosetting resins and inorganic fillers. When applied and exposed to high temperatures, this combination is capable of healing, which results in a mortar. This mortar is temperature resistant up to 1250ºC. Most modern mortar systems consist of four main components: a barrel, a base plate, a bipod and a sight. Modern mortars normally range in calibre from 60mm (2.36in) to 120mm (4.72in). However, both larger and smaller mortars have been produced. The modern mortar is a muzzle-loaded weapon and relatively simple to operate. It consists of a barrel into which the gunners drop a mortar round. When the round reaches the base of the barrel it hits a fixed firing pin that fires the round. The barrel is generally set at an angle of between 45 and 85 degrees (800 to 1500 mils), with the higher angle producing a shorter horizontal trajectory. Some mortars have a moving firing pin, operated by a lanyard or trigger mechanism. Operators may fire spin-stabilised rounds from either a smoothbore or a rifled barrel. Rifled mortars are more accurate but slower to load. Since mortars are generally muzzle-loaded, mortar bombs for rifled barrels usually have a pre-engraved band, called an obturator, that engages with the rifling of the barrel. Exceptions to this were the U.S. M2 4.2-inch mortar and M30 mortar, whose ammunition had a sub-calibre expandable ring that enlarged when fired. This allows the projectile to slide down the barrel freely but grip the rifling when fired. The system resembles the Minié ball for muzzle-loading rifles. For extra range, propellant rings (augmentation charges) are attached to the bomb's fins. The rings are usually easy to remove, because they have a major influence on the speed and thus the range of the bomb. Some mortar rounds can be fired without any augmentation charges, e.g., the 81 mm L16 mortar. The largest mortars ever developed were the Belgian " Monster Mortar" (24 inches; 610mm; developed by Henri-Joseph Paixhans in 1832), Mallet's Mortar (36inches; 914.4mm; developed by Robert Mallet in 1857), and the " Little David" (36inches; 914.4mm; developed in the United States for use in World War II). Although the latter two had a calibre of 36 inches, only the "Monster Mortar" was used in combat (at the Battle of Antwerp in 1832). [34] The World War II German Karl-Gerät was a 60cm (23.6 inch) mortar and the largest to see combat in modern warfare.

The biggest mortars ever made were the French "Monster Mortar" (36 French inches; 975mm; developed by Henri-Joseph Paixhans in 1832), Mallet's Mortar (36inches; 910mm; designed by Robert Mallet and tested by the Woolwich Arsenal, London, in 1857) and the " Little David" (36inches; 914.4mm; developed in the United States for use in World War II). All three mortars had a caliber of 36"inches". However, only the "Monster Mortar" was used (at the Battle of Antwerp in 1832). [8] "Home-made" mortars [ change | change source ] An IRA "home-made" mortar tube. The first use in siege warfare was at the 1453 siege of Constantinople by Mehmed the Conqueror. An Italian account of the 1456 siege of Belgrade by Giovanni da Tagliacozzo states that the Ottoman Turks used seven mortars that fired "stone shots one Italian mile high". [6] The time of flight of these was apparently long enough that casualties could be avoided by posting observers to give warning of their trajectories. [7] Engraving depicting the Venetian siege of the Acropolis of Athens, September 1687. The trajectory of the shell that hit the Parthenon, causing its explosion, is marked. Slough observer:Suspected Second World War mortar exploded in Windsor today, 3 October 2014. Example of use of the word "mortar" for a mortar bomb

Mortars are mainly medium calibre weapons. [1] However, mortars both bigger and smaller than this have been made. An example of a smaller mortar is the British 51 mm Light Mortar. The 51mm is carried by just one soldier. It is made up of only a tube and a base plate. A bigger example is the Soviet 2S4 M1975 Tyulpan ( tulip flower) 240mm self-propelled mortar.

Stephen Turnbull (2002). Siege Weapons of the Far East (2): AD 960–1644. Osprey Publishing. p.13. ISBN 978-1-841-76340-8. Gábor Ágoston (2005). Guns for the Sultan: Military Power and the Weapons Industry in the Ottoman Empire. Cambridge University Press. p.68. ISBN 978-0-521-84313-3. The Strix mortar round is a Swedish endphase-guided projectile fired from a 120mm mortar currently manufactured by Saab Bofors Dynamics. STRIX is fired like a conventional mortar round. The round contains an infrared imaging sensor that it uses to guide itself onto any tank or armoured fighting vehicle in the vicinity where it lands. The seeker is designed to ignore targets that are already burning. Launched from any 120mm mortar, STRIX has a normal range of up to 4.5km. The addition of a special sustainer motor increases the range to 7.5km. Typical areas of use include health and leisure facilities, schools, universities, hotels, commercial, retail and industrial buildings.

The German Army studied the Siege of Port Arthur, where heavy artillery had been unable to destroy defensive structures like barbed wire and bunkers. As a result, they developed a short-barrelled rifled muzzle-loading mortar called the Minenwerfer. Heavily used during World War I, they were made in three sizes: 7.58cm (2.98in), 17cm (6.7in) and 25cm (9.8in). Chris Bishop (2002). The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II. Sterling Publishing Company. p.202. ISBN 978-1-58663-762-0. Archived from the original on 2015-03-20 . Retrieved 2016-03-27. Israeli army tests GPS-guided mortar shell". i24news. Archived from the original on 2014-04-07 . Retrieved 6 April 2014.

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