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A major focus of Nazi propaganda was Hitler himself, who was glorified as a heroic and infallible leader and became the focus of a cult of personality. [147] Much of this was spontaneous, but some was stage-managed as part of Goebbels' propaganda work. [148] Adulation of Hitler was the focus of the 1934 Nuremberg Rally, where his moves were carefully choreographed. The rally was the subject of the film Triumph of the Will, one of several Nazi propaganda films directed by Leni Riefenstahl. It won the gold medal at the 1935 Venice Film Festival. [149] At the 1935 Nazi party congress rally at Nuremberg, Goebbels declared that "Bolshevism is the declaration of war by Jewish-led international subhumans against culture itself." [150] Paul Joseph Goebbels ( pronounced [ˈpaʊ̯l ˈjoːzɛf ˈɡœbl̩s] ⓘ; 29 October 1897– 1 May 1945) was a German philologist and Nazi politician who was the Gauleiter (district leader) of Berlin, chief propagandist for the Nazi Party, and then Reich Minister of Propaganda from 1933 to 1945. He was one of Adolf Hitler's closest and most devoted followers, known for his skills in public speaking and his deeply virulent antisemitism which was evident in his publicly voiced views. He advocated progressively harsher discrimination, including the extermination of the Jews in the Holocaust. Shirer, William L. (1960). The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich. New York: Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0-671-62420-0.

Hull, David Stewart (1969). Film in the Third Reich: A Study of the German Cinema, 1933–1945. Berkeley: University of California Press. Goebbels, Joseph (1927) [1926]. "Der Nazi-Sozi"[The Nazi-Sozi]. German Propaganda Archive. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Calvin University.Miller, Michael D.; Schulz, Andreas (2012). Albrecht, Herbert; Hüttmann, H. Wilhelm (eds.). Gauleiter: The Regional Leaders of the Nazi Party and their Deputies, 1925–1945. Bender. ISBN 978-1-932970-21-0. Hale, Oron J. (1973). The Captive Press in the Third Reich. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00770-5. Vinogradov, V. K. (2005). Hitler's Death: Russia's Last Great Secret from the Files of the KGB. Chaucer Press. ISBN 978-1-904449-13-3. Mollo, Andrew (1988). Ramsey, Winston (ed.). "The Berlin Führerbunker: The Thirteenth Hole". After the Battle. London: Battle of Britain International (61). Staff (25 September 2012). "Joseph Goebbels love letters up for auction". The Telegraph. Associated Press. Archived from the original on 25 September 2012.

Hitler was very fond of Magda and the children. [282] He enjoyed staying at the Goebbels' Berlin apartment, where he could relax. [283] Magda had a close relationship with Hitler, and became a member of his small coterie of female friends. [97] She also became an unofficial representative of the regime, receiving letters from all over Germany from women with questions about domestic matters or child custody issues. [284] Moeller, Felix (2000). The Film Minister: Goebbels and the Cinema in the Third Reich. Axel Menges. ISBN 978-3-932565-10-6. In 1933, Hitler signed the Reichskonkordat (Reich Concordat), a treaty with the Vatican that required the regime to honour the independence of Catholic institutions and prohibited clergy from involvement in politics. [155] However, the regime continued to target the Christian churches to weaken their influence. Throughout 1935 and 1936, hundreds of clergy and nuns were arrested, often on trumped up charges of currency smuggling or sexual offences. [156] [157] Goebbels widely publicised the trials in his propaganda campaigns, showing the cases in the worst possible light. [156] Restrictions were placed on public meetings, and Catholic publications faced censorship. Catholic schools were required to reduce religious instruction and crucifixes were removed from state buildings. [158] [b] Hitler often vacillated on whether or not the Kirchenkampf (church struggle) should be a priority, but his frequent inflammatory comments on the issue were enough to convince Goebbels to intensify his work on the issue; [159] in February 1937 he stated he wanted to eliminate the Protestant church. [160] The rapid deterioration of the economy led to the resignation on 27 March 1930 of the coalition government that had been elected in 1928. Paul von Hindenburg appointed Heinrich Brüning as chancellor. [93] A new cabinet was formed, and Hindenburg used his power as president to govern via emergency decrees. [94] Goebbels took charge of the Nazi Party's national campaign for Reichstag elections called for 14 September 1930. Campaigning was undertaken on a huge scale, with thousands of meetings and speeches held all over the country. Hitler's speeches focused on blaming the country's economic woes on the Weimar Republic, particularly its adherence to the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, which required war reparations that had proven devastating to the German economy. He proposed a new German society based on race and national unity. The resulting success took even Hitler and Goebbels by surprise: the party received 6.5 million votes nationwide and took 107 seats in the Reichstag, making it the second largest party in the country. [95] Goebbels and his daughter Helga with Adolf Hitler in HeiligendammGoebbels knew how to play on Hitler's fantasies, encouraging him to see the hand of providence in the death of United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt on 12 April. [251] Whether Hitler really saw this event as a turning point as Goebbels proclaimed is not known. [252] By this time, Goebbels had gained the position he had wanted so long—at Hitler's side. Göring was utterly discredited, although he was not stripped of his offices until 23 April. [253] Himmler, whose appointment as commander of Army Group Vistula had led to disaster on the Oder, was also in disgrace with Hitler. [254] Most of Hitler's inner circle, including Göring, Himmler, Ribbentrop, and Speer, prepared to leave Berlin immediately after Hitler's birthday celebration on 20 April. [255] Even Bormann was "not anxious" to meet his end at Hitler's side. [256] On 22 April, Hitler announced that he would stay in Berlin until the end and then shoot himself. [257] Goebbels moved with his family into the Vorbunker, connected to the lower Führerbunker under the Reich Chancellery garden in central Berlin, that same day. [258] He told Vice-Admiral Hans-Erich Voss that he would not entertain the idea of either surrender or escape. [259] On 23 April, Goebbels made the following proclamation to the people of Berlin:

Later on 1 May, Voss saw Goebbels for the last time: "While saying goodbye I asked Goebbels to join us. But he replied: 'The captain must not leave his sinking ship. I have thought about it all and decided to stay here. I have nowhere to go because with little children I will not be able to make it, especially with a leg like mine'." [273] On the evening of 1 May, Goebbels arranged for an SS dentist, Helmut Kunz, to inject his six children with morphine so that when they were unconscious, an ampule of a cyanide compound could be then crushed in each of their mouths. [274] According to Kunz's later testimony, he gave the children morphine injections but Magda Goebbels and SS- Obersturmbannführer Ludwig Stumpfegger, Hitler's personal doctor, administered the cyanide. [274]

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Hitler viewed Strasser's actions as a threat to his authority, and summoned 60 Gauleiters and party leaders, including Goebbels, to a special conference in Bamberg, in Streicher's Gau of Franconia, where he gave a two-hour speech repudiating Strasser's new political programme. [46] Hitler was opposed to the socialist leanings of the northern wing, stating it would mean "political bolshevization of Germany." Further, there would be "no princes, only Germans," and a legal system with no "Jewish system of exploitation... for plundering of our people." The future would be secured by acquiring land, not through expropriation of the estates of the former nobility, but through colonising territories to the east. [45] Goebbels was horrified by Hitler's characterisation of socialism as "a Jewish creation" and his assertion that a Nazi government would not expropriate private property. He wrote in his diary: "I no longer fully believe in Hitler. That's the terrible thing: my inner support has been taken away." [47] In hopes of winning over the opposition, Hitler arranged meetings in Munich with the three Greater Ruhr Gau leaders, including Goebbels. [51] Goebbels was impressed when Hitler sent his own car to meet them at the railway station. That evening, Hitler and Goebbels both gave speeches at a beer hall rally. [51] The following day, Hitler offered his hand in reconciliation to the three men, encouraging them to put their differences behind them. [52] Goebbels capitulated completely, offering Hitler his total loyalty. He wrote in his diary: "I love him... He has thought through everything," "Such a sparkling mind can be my leader. I bow to the greater one, the political genius." He later wrote: "Adolf Hitler, I love you because you are both great and simple at the same time. What one calls a genius." [53] As a result of the Bamberg and Munich meetings, the National Socialist Working Association was disbanded. [54] Strasser's new draft of the party programme was discarded, the original National Socialist Program of 1920 was retained unchanged, and Hitler's position as party leader was greatly strengthened. [53] Propagandist in Berlin [ edit ]

Kater, Michael H. (1 August 1990). "Inside Nazis The Goebbels Diaries, 1924–1941". Canadian Journal of History. 25 (2): 233–244. doi: 10.3138/cjh.25.2.233. ISSN 0008-4107. Datenbank der deutschen Parlamentsabgeordneten. Basis: Parlamentsalmanache/Reichstagshandbücher 1867–1938". www.reichstag-abgeordnetendatenbank.de . Retrieved 18 September 2020.In the last months of the war, Goebbels' speeches and articles took on an increasingly apocalyptic tone. [242] By the beginning of 1945, with the Soviets on the Oder River and the Western Allies preparing to cross the Rhine River, he could no longer disguise the inevitability of German defeat. [243] Berlin had little in the way of fortifications or artillery, and even Volkssturm units were in short supply, as almost everything and everyone had been sent to the front. [244] Goebbels noted in his diary on 21 January that millions of Germans were fleeing westward. [245] He tentatively discussed with Hitler the issue of making peace overtures to the western allies, but Hitler again refused. Privately, Goebbels was conflicted at pushing the case with Hitler since he did not want to lose Hitler's confidence. [246]