The Golden Dawn: An Account of the Teachings, Rites and Ceremonies of the Order of the Golden Dawn (Llewellyn's Golden Dawn series)

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On 17 August 1987, Rudolf Hess, Adolf Hitler's deputy in the Nazi Party, committed suicide in Spandau Prison. The following day Golden Dawn members distributed proclamations in the center of Athens with the phrase Rudolf Hess Immortal ( Greek: RUDOLF HESS ΑΘΑΝΑΤΟΣ). [207] Papapostolou, Anastasios (26 January 2015). "Greek Election Final Results: SYRIZA Victorious; Golden Dawn Third". Greekreporter.com . Retrieved 8 October 2020. Greek Neo-Nazi Organization Continues to Spread in the U.S.", Intelligence Report, Southern Poverty Law Center (Spring 2014). Antisemitism in Greece today - Executive Summary | Heinrich Böll Stiftung - Thessaloniki Office". Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung. Robert Felkin (1853–1925), medical missionary, explorer and anthropologist in Central Africa, author, founder of the New Zealand branch of the Golden Dawn and the Smaragdum Thalasses / Whare Ra temple [40]

In April 1996, Giannopoulos represented the party at a pan-European convention of far-right nationalist parties in Moscow, where he presented a bust of Alexander the Great to Liberal Democratic Party of Russia leader Vladimir Zhirinovsky for his birthday. [87] Golden Dawn participated in the 1996 legislative election in September, receiving 4,487 votes nationwide; 0.07% of the votes cast. [97] In October 1997, Giannopoulos published an article in Chrysi Avgi magazine calling for nationalist vigilantism against immigrants and liberals. [98] In 1998, a prominent party member, Antonios Androutsopoulos, assaulted Dimitris Kousouris, a left-wing student activist. The resulting media attention, along with internal party conflicts (due to poor results in the 1996 elections), led some of its most extreme members to gradually fade from official party affairs. [87] On 13 February 2013, an improvised bomb exploded in the regional office of Golden Dawn in Piraeus. The explosion and the subsequent fire caused material damage. Next morning a similar improvised bomb exploded outside the offices of Golden Dawn in the city of Larissa, central Greece. The explosion caused only material damage. [169] Liana Kanelli assault and reactions [ edit ] In pictures taken during the first congress of the Golden Dawn in February 1990, the congress hall is decorated with the swastika and the Wolfsangel. [208] In December 2015, Golden Dawn was one of the main groups to reject a bill to allow civil partnerships for same-sex couples in Greece. Upon the bill's passage, party leader Nikolaos Michaloliakos stated that "church bells should toll mournfully across the country". [225] [226] Foreign affairs [ edit ] Kasidiaris left the party in June 2020 to form Greeks for the Fatherland, which was said to be inspired by Lega with a similar logo. [117] In June 2020, ELAM, their de facto Cypriot branch, explained it had officially cut ties with Golden Dawn. [118] In July 2020, Michaloliakos removed Athanasios Konstantinou, Golden Dawn's last remaining MEP, from the party. [119] Konstantinou continues to serve in the European Parliament as an independent. [114]

1. The School of Night

Evdoxios Doxiadis, Aimee Placas as ed. Living Under Austerity: Greek Society in Crisis, Berghahn Books, 2018, ISBN 1785339346, p. 83. Xenakis, Sappho (2012), "A New Dawn? Change and Continuity in Political Violence in Greece", Terrorism and Political Violence, 24 (3): 437–64, doi: 10.1080/09546553.2011.633133, S2CID 145624655, ...Nikolaos Michaloliakos, who established the fascistic far-right party Chrysi Avgi ("Golden Dawn") in the early 1980s.

Stoukas, Tom (29 April 2012). "Fascist Salutes Return to Greece as Anti-Immigrants Chase Voters". Bloomberg. These regions, which in the past were Greek lands, had significant Greek populations until the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in the 1920s. Michaloliakos has criticized Thessaloniki mayor Yiannis Boutaris for wanting to name a street after Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who was born in the city when it was part of the Ottoman Empire. [58] [227]KOSTAS NIKOLAIDIS (31 March 2012), Τα παιδιά του Χίτλερ με στολή "Χρυσής Αυγής"[ Hitler's children in "Golden Dawn" uniform], archived from the original on 11 January 2016