Eight Sabbats for Witches and rites for Birth, Marriage and Death

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Russell, Jeffrey Burton. "Witchcraft". Britannica.com. Archived from the original on 10 May 2013 . Retrieved 29 June 2013. Tan, Michael L. (2008). Revisiting Usog, Pasma, Kulam. University of the Philippines Press. ISBN 978-9715425704. Archived from the original on 26 January 2021 . Retrieved 17 September 2020. Suggested Celebration Planning: Observe the exact date, or wait until the following weekend Sept. 23-25. Could be combined with Dark Moon rites on Sunday. a b c d Davies, Owen (2003). Cunning-Folk: Popular Magic in English History. London: Hambledon Continuum. ISBN 978-1-85285-297-9. Kelly, A.A., Crafting the Art of Magic, Book I: a History of Modern Witchcraft, 1939–1964, Minnesota: Llewellyn Publications, 1991. [ ISBNmissing]

Suggested Celebration Planning: Observe anytime that Wednesday until 11:08 pm, or anytime the night before after the moon enters Gemini 3:49 pm Tuesday. Kanina, Wangui (21 May 2008). "Mob burns to death 11 Kenyan "witches" ". Reuters. Archived from the original on 20 June 2017 . Retrieved 15 September 2016.

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The word is over a thousand years old: Old English formed the compound wiccecræft from wicce ('witch') and cræft ('craft'). [25] The masculine form was wicca ('male sorcerer'). [26] Witch-hunts, scapegoating, and the shunning or murder of suspected witches still occurs. [43] Many cultures worldwide continue to have a belief in the concept of "witchcraft" or malevolent magic. [17] Witch Hunts in Modern South Africa: An Under-represented Facet of Gender-based Violence (PDF). MRC-UNISA Crime, Violence and Injury Lead Programm. 2009. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.694.6630. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 April 2012 . Retrieved 7 June 2014. Others will have a more deliberate ritual to perform and will incorporate a few spells and magical tools as well. Historically, the Christian concept of witchcraft derives from Old Testament laws against it. In medieval and early modern Europe, many Christians believed in magic. As opposed to the helpful magic of the cunning folk, witchcraft was seen as evil and associated with Satan and Devil worship. This often resulted in deaths, torture and scapegoating (casting blame for misfortune), [68] [41] :9–12 and many years of large scale witch-trials and witch hunts, especially in Protestant Europe, before largely ending during the Age of Enlightenment. Christian views in the modern day are diverse, ranging from intense belief and opposition (especially by Christian fundamentalists) to non-belief. During the Age of Colonialism, many cultures were exposed to the Western world via colonialism, usually accompanied by intensive Christian missionary activity (see Christianization). In these cultures, beliefs about witchcraft were partly influenced by the prevailing Western concepts of the time.

Ritual Function: Third Harvest of Blood, Divine Funeral, release to death, Ancestor veneration, silence. Abusch, Tzvi (2015). The Witchcraft Series Maqlû. Writings from the Ancient World. Vol.37. SBL Press. p.5. ISBN 978-1628370829. In these societies, practitioners of helpful magic, usually known as cunning folk, have traditionally [ timeframe?] provided services such as breaking the effects of witchcraft, healing, divination, finding lost or stolen goods, and love magic. [1] :x-xi In Britain, and some other parts of Europe, they were commonly known as cunning folk or wise people. [1] :x-xi Alan McFarlane wrote that while cunning folk is the usual name, some are also known as 'blessers' or 'wizards', but might also be known as 'white', 'good', or 'unbinding witches'. [127] Historian Owen Davies says the term "white witch" was rarely used before the 20th century. [7] :xiii Ronald Hutton uses the general term "service magicians". [1] :x-xi Often these people were involved in identifying alleged witches. [1] :24-25Witchcraft beliefs are widespread, highly variable around the world". Public Library of Science via phys.org . Retrieved 17 December 2022. While some colonialists tried to eradicate witch hunting by introducing legislation to prohibit accusations of witchcraft, some of the countries where this was the case have formally recognized the existence of witchcraft via the law. This has produced an environment that encourages persecution of suspected witches. [88] Chambers, Robert (1861). Domestic Annals of Scotland. Edinburgh, Scotland. ISBN 978-1298711960. {{ cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( link) Suggested Celebration Timing: Observe the Tuesday night before on March 1, 2022 after the moon enters Pisces at 3:53 pm.

Yule: December 20-23. Yule is the winter solstice. The Goddess (in the form of the mother) gives birth to the Sun God. Yule is the Pagan name for the Winter Solstice, the longest night of the year. In the Northern Hemisphere, it falls on or around December 21. a b c d e Thomas, Keith (1997). Religion and the Decline of Magic. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. p.519. ISBN 978-0297002208.

Autumn’s Gate: Autumnal Equinox: Second Harvest: Mabon Sabbat

Geschiere, Peter (1997). The Modernity of Witchcraft: Politics and the Occult in Postcolonial Africa. Translated by Peter Geschiere and Janet Roitman. University of Virginia Press. p.13. ISBN 0813917034. Beltane: May 1. The Maiden Goddess and the Sun God are now young adults. They are fertile and ready to procreate. For this reason, Beltane is viewed by Wiccans as a sacred night for sex. Fertility also represents the upcoming crops. The Sun God will impregnate the maiden here, and she will turn from the maiden to the pregnant mother. The Goddess is now both the pregnant lover of God as well as his nurturing mother.