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There are two general routes for photoinitiation: free radical and ionic. [1] [4] The general process involves doping a batch of neat polymer with small amounts of photoinitiator, followed by selective radiation of light, resulting in a highly cross-linked product. Many of these reactions do not require solvent which eliminates termination path via reaction of initiators with solvent and impurities, in addition to decreasing the overall cost. [8] Ionic mechanism [ edit ] If you like, feel free to add any extras to your crafts to suit your tastes. Glitter, sequins, and even well-placed confetti will give your crafts a burst of color and character. Hints and Tips for UV Resin Crafting It’s exceptional for polymer clay jewelry and charms, as it makes them shine like glass once cured. One of the biggest problems that many resin artists face are bubbles in your art piece. Compared to traditional epoxy resin, UV epoxy tends to have far fewer bubbles. You can see from our recommendations, that most UV resin products are self-degassing. Although these products are formulated to avoid as many bubbles as possible, there is always a chance that you will get a few here and there. Traditional resin dries on its own, so it is a race against time to pop the bubbles before the resin hardens. With UV resin, you have all the time in the world to remove the bubbles before curing the piece. We have a few tips to help you avoid as many bubbles as possible and to remove them if they do occur. Firstly, to reduce the risk of bubbles forming in your UV epoxy piece, you should work with only thin layers at a time. With less volume, there is less space for bubbles to form.
K. S. Toohey, N. R. Sottos, J. A. Lewis, J. S. Moore and S. R. White, Self-healing materials with microvascular networks, Nat. Mater., 2007, 6, 581–585, DOI: 10.1038/nmat1934.
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UV light boxes, also known as curing stations, not only provide an adjustable environment for curing resins, they also protect the resin from any potentially harmful variables like overheating or airborne moisture. All while protecting you from being exposed to potentially harmful radiation. When you want to use a UV light to cure resin, there are several things that may affect the speed and quality of your cure. Firstly, you need to consider the power of your lamp in relation to the size of your UV epoxy pieces. We suggest investing in a UV lamp that has plenty of space below it so that you can fit pieces of different sizes and shapes. It would also be good to have room to cure a few different pieces at the same time. These UV lights will have a higher power output which makes them more practical to operate. Y. Wei and X. Ma, The self-healing cross-linked polyurethane by Diels-Alder polymerization, Adv. Polym. Technol., 2018, 37, 1987–1993, DOI: 10.1002/adv.21857. The UV rays in sunlight are also not as concentrated as they are in UV lamps, so you may have to wait a long and undetermined time for your pieces to cure fully.
S. Y. Xiang and W. D. Liu, Self-healing superhydrophobic surfaces: healing principles and applications, Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 2021, 12, 2100247, DOI: 10.1002/admi.202100247. N. Wen, T. Song, Z. Ji, D. Jiang, Z. Wu, Y. Wang and Z. Guo, Recent advancements in self-healing materials: Mechanicals, performances and features, React. Funct. Polym., 2021, 168, 105041, DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2021.105041. Photocurable materials that form through the free-radical mechanism undergo chain-growth polymerization, which includes three basic steps: initiation, chain propagation, and chain termination. The three steps are depicted in the scheme below, where R• represents the radical that forms upon interaction with radiation during initiation, and M is a monomer. [4] The active monomer that is formed is then propagated to create growing polymeric chain radicals. In photocurable materials the propagation step involves reactions of the chain radicals with reactive double bonds of the prepolymers or oligomers. The termination reaction usually proceeds through combination, in which two chain radicals are joined, or through disproportionation, which occurs when an atom (typically hydrogen) is transferred from one radical chain to another resulting in two polymeric chains. If your UV resin is getting too hot, it will begin to give off a stronger smell. If you notice this when using your resin, be sure to move them to a cooler environment before continuing. Failing that, try to make your workspace cooler by opening a window or using a desk fan. Never Touch Resin Directly While not as dangerous as UVB light, UVA should still be used with caution and from a safe distance if possible. What Do You Need a UV Light Box For?
S. Y. Qiang, K. L. Chen, Y. J. Yin and C. X. Wang, Robust UV-cured superhydrophobic cotton fabric surfaces with self-healing ability, Mater. Design, 2017, 15, 395–402, DOI: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.11.099. T. Dikic, W. Ming and V. Benthem, Self-replenishing surfaces, Adv. Mater., 2012, 24, 3701–3704, DOI: 10.1002/adma.201200807.
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