Root, Stem, Leaf, Flower: How to Cook with Vegetables and Other Plants

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The flower is the reproductive part, observed in higher plants(angiosperms). It develops from floral buds The leaf is a flattened and thin part of the stem which develops at a node and bears a bud in its axil.The leaf is green in colour due to the presence of chlorophyll pigment. Plants keeps on absorbing water from the soil all the time through its roots due to this a lot of water collects in the body of the plant. Some of the water is used by the plant in making food . The extra water present in the body of plant is given out constantly as water vapours through the tiny pores of the leaves. The evaporation of water from the leaves of plant is called transpiration. A seed is a basic part of a plant, which is found enclosed within the fruit. It is made up of a seed coat and an embryo. During the development of the fruit, the wall of the ovary becomes the pericarp. In some plants, the ovary wall dries out completely, while in some it remains fleshy. Types of Seeds

Zelová, H.; Hošek, J. TNF-α signalling and inflammation: Interactions between old acquaintances. Inflamm. Res. 2013, 62, 641–651. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef] The bright and beautiful part of the plant which you see is the flower. They play a role in making food. A flower has female as well as male parts. Both of these work collectively to fertilize the plant so it can produce seeds. The roots which originate from any part of the plant body other than the radicle is called the adventitious root system. This root system is mainly found in all monocotyledonous plants. In plants, the adventitious root system is used for various purposes, like mechanical support, vegetative propagation, etc. Banyan tree, maize, oak trees, horsetails are a few examples of monocotyledonous plants with the adventitious root system. Functions of Root The stem hold the leaves in such a way that the leaves are able to get plenty of sunlight for preparing food by photosynthesis. Tubes in stem

Activity 2: Quiz

The stem bears nodes and internodes. The regions of the stem where leaves are born are called nodes while internodes are the portions between two nodes. Wang, L.; Li, H.; Zhao, C.; Li, S.; Kong, L.; Wu, W.; Kong, W.; Liu, Y.; Wei, Y.; Zhu, J.-K.; et al. The inhibition of protein translation mediated by AtGCN1 is essential for cold tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant. Cell Environ. 2016, 40, 56–68. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef][ Green Version] In Pinnately compound leaves, a number of leaflets are present on a common axis called rachis. Example: Neem. Esposito, D.; Rathinasabapathy, T.; Poulev, A.; Komarnytsky, S.; Raskin, I. Akt-dependent anabolic activity of natural and synthetic brassinosteroids in rat skeletal muscle cells. J. Med. Chem. 2011, 54, 4057–4066. [ Google Scholar] [ CrossRef][ Green Version]

Plants rely on their leaves to function as leading food chains’ primary producers. In addition to producing food, leaves also contribute significantly to the carbon and oxygen cycle in the environment by producing oxygen during photosynthesis. In addition to stems and flowers, leaves are a part of the plant’s shoot system. Take a thin strip of aluminium foil and wrap it in the centre of one leaf on both the sides, while the leaf is still attached to the plant. The aluminium foil should be fixed tightly to the leaf so that sunlight may not enter it from the side. Only the middle part of the leaf is covered with aluminium foil. The remaining part of leaf remains uncovered.Perigynous flowers: If the gynoecium is situated at the centre and other parts are on the rim at the same height. Ovary is called half-inferior. e) The arrangement of veins and the lamina is known as venation. The reticulate venation and parallel venation are the two main types of venations. Reticulate venation is present in dicots and the parallel venation is present in monocots. Parietal Placentation: The placenta is formed by the swelling up of cohering margins, and on the latter develops the ovules in rows. For Example: Papaveraceae.