Loch Ness

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Bro, Lisa; O'Leary-Davidson, Crystal; Gareis, Mary Ann (2018). Monsters of Film, Fiction and Fable, the Cultural Links Between the Human and Inhuman. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. pp.377–399. ISBN 9781527510890.

Loxton, Daniel; Prothero, Donald. (2015). Abominable Science! Origins of the Yeti, Nessie, and Other Famous Cryptids. Columbia University Press. pp. 142–144. ISBN 978-0-231-15321-8 In fact webcam glimpses of Nessie made up more than half of 2021's 16 sightings. But last year the only such image accepted was from a watcher in Ireland who saw an "unexplained" moving object off Urquhart Castle. 'My best guess is a Wels catfish' For many it’s an amusing, perhaps underwhelming, detour on a trip to the Isle of Skye or to Cairngorms National Park. I remember talking with her in the 80s and one of the things she objected to was the use of the word 'monster' which she felt was nonsense." On 3 August 2012, skipper George Edwards claimed that a photo he took on 2 November 2011 shows "Nessie". Edwards claims to have searched for the monster for 26 years, and reportedly spent 60 hours per week on the loch aboard his boat, Nessie Hunter IV, taking tourists for rides. [70] Edwards said, "In my opinion, it probably looks kind of like a manatee, but not a mammal. When people see three humps, they're probably just seeing three separate monsters." [71]

Shine, Adrian J. (2003). "The Dinsdale Loch Ness Film. An Image Analysis" (PDF). lochnessinvestigation.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 November 2023 . Retrieved 4 November 2023. Tom Metcalfe (9 September 2019). "Loch Ness Contains No 'Monster' DNA, Say Scientists". livescience.com. Archived from the original on 10 September 2019 . Retrieved 10 September 2019. After reading Rupert Gould's The Loch Ness Monster and Others, [21] Edward Mountain financed a search. Twenty men with binoculars and cameras positioned themselves around the loch from 9am to 6pm for five weeks, beginning on 13 July 1934. Although 21 photographs were taken, none was considered conclusive. Supervisor James Fraser remained by the loch, filming, on 15 September 1934; the film is now lost. [86] Zoologists and professors of natural history concluded that the film showed a seal, possibly a grey seal. [87] Loch Ness Phenomena Investigation Bureau (1962–1972) That idea has become known as “the eunuch eel theory,” said Shine. The eel DNA found last year only signaled the presence of eels, not their size. A giant eel’s DNA would be the same as “their more conventional brothers and sisters,” said Shine. Seismotectonic Origins of the Monster of Loch Ness". Gsa.confex.com. Archived from the original on 15 May 2010 . Retrieved 28 May 2009.

Bressan, David (30 June 2013). "The Earth-shattering Loch Ness Monster that wasn't". Scientific American Blog Network. Archived from the original on 4 April 2022 . Retrieved 12 April 2022. To start with, the attraction has been reimagined as a place to encourage visitors to start thinking, not just keep looking. Before the revamp, the attraction was dry, dusty and driven by the need for the story to be real; now each grotto gallery balances the theatrical (staged smoke, sonar beeps, narration from self-confessed Nessie nut David Tennant) with examining every inch and layer of the great mystery. Smith, Oliver (2023). "Nessie and Noctilucent Clouds: A Meteorological Explanation for Some Loch Ness Monster Sightings". Coolabah (34): 25–45. Archived from the original on 6 July 2023 . Retrieved 7 July 2023.

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In 1993, Discovery Communications produced a documentary, Loch Ness Discovered, with a digital enhancement of the Dinsdale film. A person who enhanced the film noticed a shadow in the negative that was not obvious in the developed film. By enhancing and overlaying frames, he found what appeared to be the rear body of a creature underwater: "Before I saw the film, I thought the Loch Ness Monster was a load of rubbish. Having done the enhancement, I'm not so sure." [59] A large European eel was an early suggestion for what the "monster" was. Eels are found in Loch Ness, and an unusually large one would explain many sightings. [118] Dinsdale dismissed the hypothesis because eels undulate side to side like snakes. [119] Sightings in 1856 of a "sea-serpent" (or kelpie) in a freshwater lake near Leurbost in the Outer Hebrides were explained as those of an oversized eel, also believed common in "Highland lakes". [120] I’d like to think that there was more to it, but there probably isn’t. It is interesting to think about, though,” he said. However, scientists need to be open-minded, he said, adding it “would be arrogant to say there is no chance” they exist. He has his own theory of “cognitive revision,” which allows that people still want to believe in monsters, but modifies what “monsters” might mean. This would mean accepting people were seeing individual animals, not a resident monster. It might mean accepting the monster is a big fish.

Krystek, Lee. "The Surgeon's Hoax". unmuseum.org. UNMuseum. Archived from the original on 8 May 2019 . Retrieved 21 April 2015. Linge, Mary (25 September 2021). " 'Loch Ness Monster' spotted again! This time on drone footage". New York Post. Archived from the original on 10 July 2023 . Retrieved 10 July 2023. Although most researchers do not believe Dinsdale to be a hoaxer, his susceptibility to confirmation bias and trusting dubious sources as evidence has been criticized. [63] "Loch Ness Muppet" (1977) Campbell, Steuart. (1997). The Loch Ness Monster: The Evidence. Prometheus Books. p. 33. ISBN 978-1573921787 It’s called cognitive dissonance when you get bad news about your world view,” Shine said about the continued belief in the monster. “There are two ways out of it. Denial: In the case of the Loch Ness Monster this means dismissing years of investigation, and claiming the monster is hiding in caves at the bottom of the Loch, hiding from sonar. You’d say that the 20 percent of DNA found in Loch Ness as unreadable meant something, or that the research was faulty.”

Birth of a legend: Famous Photo Falsified?". Pbs.org. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011 . Retrieved 28 May 2009. Watson, Roland (20 August 2012). "Follow up to the George Edwards Photo". Archived from the original on 6 July 2017 . Retrieved 20 August 2012. Nessie was already hitting the headlines week after the biggest surface search of the loch in 50 years. But on Thursday there was excitement over newly revealed images. Do new pictures from amateur photographer prove Loch Ness Monster exists?". Metro. 26 August 2013. Archived from the original on 30 July 2018 . Retrieved 25 September 2013. The Loch Ness Monster is a defining symbol of Scotland – adorning postcards, biscuit tins and much more, with research devoted to unravelling the mystery behind it.