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As a library, NLM provides access to scientific literature. Inclusion in an NLM database does not imply endorsement of, or agreement with, Attenuation correction: Quantitative PET Imaging requires attenuation correction. [68] In these systems attenuation correction is based on a transmission scan using 68Ge rotating rod source. [69] Imaging infections with molecular imaging technologies can improve diagnosis and treatment follow-up. Clinically, PET has been widely used to image bacterial infections using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) to identify the infection-associated inflammatory response. Three different PET contrast agents have been developed to image bacterial infections in vivo are [ 18F] maltose, [32] [ 18F]maltohexaose, and [ 18F]2-fluorodeoxy sorbitol (FDS). [33] FDS has the added benefit of being able to target only Enterobacteriaceae. In this chapter, we introduce the physics of PET imaging. Several textbooks provide a more in-depth treatment and are included in the References. 1, 3

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) | Johns Hopkins Medicine Positron Emission Tomography (PET) | Johns Hopkins Medicine

Often, a doctor will ask a person to undergo both a PET scan and an MRI or CT scan to get a more thorough overview of the suspected problem. For example, using FDG in the body's tissues can help identify cancerous cells because they use glucose at a much faster rate than normal cells. Preparing for a PET scan a b Bailey DL, Townsend DW, Valk PE, Maisy MN (2005). Positron Emission Tomography: Basic Sciences. Secaucus, NJ: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-1-85233-798-8.When gamma photons generated by radiopharmaceuticals pass through the body, it undergoes absorption and scatter, leading to attenuation of its signal 9. Therefore, when combined with CT, the CT imaging can be used to generate an attenuation map which is used to correct the PET imaging for attenuation. This attenuation correction can add a number of further artifacts due to errors in estimated the attenuation 9. A CT (computerised tomography) scan shows the size of the cancer and whether it has spread to other parts of the body. It uses x-rays to produce 3D pictures of the inside of the body. F-FDG, which is now the standard radiotracer used for PET neuroimaging and cancer patient management, [38] has an effective radiation dose of 14 mSv. [4] Wootton R, Doré C (November 1986). "The single-passage extraction of 18F in rabbit bone". Clinical Physics and Physiological Measurement. 7 (4): 333–43. Bibcode: 1986CPPM....7..333W. doi: 10.1088/0143-0815/7/4/003. PMID 3791879. It's important to relax, keep as still as possible, and avoid talking while you wait because moving and speaking can affect where the radiotracer goes in your body.

Principles of PET-CT Scanning | Radiology Key Principles of PET-CT Scanning | Radiology Key

By analysing the areas where the radiotracer does and does not build up, it's possible to work out how certain body functions are working. Wagenknecht G, Kaiser HJ, Mottaghy FM, Herzog H (February 2013). "MRI for attenuation correction in PET: methods and challenges". Magma. 26 (1): 99–113. doi: 10.1007/s10334-012-0353-4. PMC 3572388. PMID 23179594. Positron emission tomography — commonly called a PET scan — uses radiation to show activity in the body on a cellular level. It can help detect heart disease and other conditions. Depending on the part of the body, it usually takes 30–60 minutes. PET is a common imaging technique, a medical scintillography technique used in nuclear medicine. A radiopharmaceutical — a radioisotope attached to a drug — is injected into the body as a tracer. When the radiopharmaceutical undergoes beta plus decay, a positron is emitted, and when the positron interacts with an ordinary electron, the two particles annihilate and gamma rays are emitted. [2] These gamma rays are detected by gamma cameras to form a three-dimensional image, in a similar way that an X-ray image is captured. [ citation needed] Huda, A., et al. (2017). Metabolic activity value in the posterior cingulate cortex using F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography brain to predict the severity of Alzheimer's.Compared with CT scans and magnetic resonance images (MRIs), PET images appear much blurrier or noisier, due to the relatively limited number of photons that can be collected during an imaging study. In addition, detector resolution is poorer due to the detector physics. X-ray CT scanners can easily resolve points < 1 mm in size, whereas PET scanners cannot reliably resolve point sources < 4 to 5 mm at best, and closer to 10 mm in practice. However, this does not impair their high sensitivity to focal tracer concentrations or their usefulness in accurate quantitative functional imaging. Fraioli, F., et al. (2014). Clinical and research applications of simultaneous positron emission tomography and MRI.