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Wild Harbour

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Melcón, M. L., Failla, M. & Iñíguez, M. A. Echolocation behavior of franciscana dolphins (Pontoporia blainvillei) in the wild. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 131, 448–453 (2012). Kastelein, R. A., Hoek, L., de Jong, C. A. F. & Wensveen, P. J. The effect of signal duration on the underwater detection thresholds of a harbor porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena) for single frequency-modulated tonal signals between 0.25 and 160 kHz. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 128, 3211–3222 (2010). Time spent in visual crypsis was defined as time spent within 2 m of the surface or apparent seafloor. The nearness to seafloor was used for animals with GPS information (HP1, HP3 and HP5) or that made U-shaped dives, which were likely to represent a depth close to the seafloor (HP4, HP6). We verified the assumption that U-shaped dives are close to the seafloor using the animals with GPS-positions.

Nielsen, T. P. et al. Swimming patterns of wild harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena show detection and avoidance of gillnets at very long ranges. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 453, 241–248 (2012). Northridge, S. P. et al. Assessment of the impacts and utility of acoustic deterrent devices. Final Report to the Scottish Aquaculture Research Forum, Project Code SARF044. Oceans (2010). Teilmann, J. et al. Reactions of captive harbor porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena) to pinger-like sounds. Mar. Mammal Sci. 22, 240–260 (2006). Verfuß UK, Miller LA, Schnitzler HU. Spatial orientation in echolocating harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena). J Exp Biol. 2005;208: 3385–3394. pmid:16109898 Macpherson’s focus on destruction, however, arrives at a similar conclusion. Near the end of the novel the couple make plans to leave their cave:Funding: The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan (MEXT) to a project on Joint Usage/Research Center– Leading Academia in Marine and Environmet Pollution Research (LaMer) http://lamer-cmes.jp/ MATSUISHI Takashi Fritz JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 26450255 https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-26450255/ (MATSUISHI Takashi Fritz, AKAMATSU Tomonari) JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 18J30013 https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18J30013/ (MATSUDA Ayaka) For all the funds above, the funders did not play a role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, nor preparation of the manuscript. May 1944 – This morning I said to Terry, ‘I thought I heard the guns through the night. ’‘Were you awake too?’ she asked. Something has happened in Europe. Fearing the approach of war to Britain, Terry and Hugh retreat from their home to the remote highlands of Scotland, prepared to live a simple existence together whilst the fighting resolves itself far away. Encouraged by Terry, Hugh begins a journal to note down the highs and lows of this return to nature, and to process their concerns of the oncoming danger. But as the sounds of guns by night grow louder, the grim prospect of encroaching war threatens to invade their cherish isolation and demolish any hope of future peace. Recordings were made 15 m from the porpoise pen of Fjord&Bælt facility in Kerteminde, Denmark. At the time of the study, this facility kept two adult female harbour porpoises in captivity for research and educational purposes. Both animals were wild-born and brought to the facility after getting accidentally caught in demersal nets in 1997 (porpoise named Freja) and 2004 (porpoise named Sif). The porpoises are kept in a 30 × 20 m pen with large-meshed nets keeping the animals in ambient water conditions year round. The animals receive food during several daily training sessions using positive reinforcement. Specialised caretakers regularly monitor their health, behaviour, and general well-being. The animals are held at the Fjord&Bælt under permit J.nr. SVANA-610-00084, Ministry of Environment and Food, Denmark. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. This study did not directly involve the animals and used passive monitoring instead, thus no additional permits were required. Data collection The handling, tagging and acoustic exposure of harbour porpoises was performed in accordance with the Danish law. The specific permissions were evaluated and issued by the Environmental Protection Agency under Ministry of Environment of Denmark (permission number SVANA-610-00118, https://eng.mst.dk/) and by The Animal Experiments Inspectorate under Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries of Denmark (permission number 2015‐15‐0201‐00549, https://en.dyreforsoegstilsynet.dk/). The handlers of the porpoises had FELASA certification (Federaton of Europoean Laboratory Animal Science Association, category B). Tags Kindt‐Larsen L, Berg CW, Northridge S, Larsen F. Harbor porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena) reactions to pingers. Mar Mammal Sci. 2018;35: 552–573.

Ydesen, K. S. et al. What a jerk: Prey engulfment revealed by high-rate, super-cranial accelerometry on a harbour seal ( Phoca vitulina). J. Exp. Biol. 217, 2814–2814 (2014). King, S. L., Guarino, E., Keaton, L., Erb, L. & Jaakkola, K. Maternal signature whistle use aids mother-calf reunions in a bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus. Behav. Processes 126, 64–70 (2016). Shapiro, A. D. et al. Transmission loss patterns from acoustic harassment and deterrent devices do not always follow geometrical spreading predictions. Mar. Mammal Sci. 25, 53–67 (2009).

Verfuss, U. K., Sparling, C. E., Arnot, C., Judd, A. & Coyle, M. Review of offshore wind farm impact monitoring and mitigation with regard to marine mammals. In The Effects of Noise on Aquatic Life II (eds Popper, A. N. & Hawkins, A.) 1175–1182 (Springer, New York, 2016). Boström MK, Krog C, Kindt-Larsen L, Lunneryd SG, Wahlberg M. Acoustic activity of harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena) around gill nets. Aquat Mamm. 2013;39: 389–396. Kastelein, R. A., Hoek, L., de Jong, C. A. F. & Wensveen, P. J. The effect of signal duration on the underwater detection thresholds of a harbor porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena) for single frequency-modulated tonal signals between 0.25 and 160 Khz. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 128(5), 3211–3222 (2010). Larsen F, Krog C, Eigaard OR. Determining optimal pinger spacing for harbour porpoise bycatch mitigation. Endang Species Res. 2013;20: 147–152.

Williams, T. M., Peter-Heide Jørgensen, M., Pagano, A. M. & Bryce, C. M. Hunters versus hunted: New perspectives on the energetic costs of survival at the top of the food chain. Funct. Ecol. 34, 2015–2029 (2020). Ruxton, G. D. Testing for departure from uniformity and estimating mean direction for circular data. Biol. Let. 13(1), 20160756 (2017).

Abstract

Macpherson’s only science fiction novel is a bleak and truly prescient novel of future war first published in 1936, just 3 years before the outbreak of conflict in Europe. A carefully drawn tale of survival in the wilderness and the value of our connection with others, Wild Harbour is both beautiful and heart-rending. Vinther M, Larsen F. Updated estimates of harbour porpoise ( Phocoena phocoena) bycatch in the Danish North Sea bottom-set gillnet fishery. J Cetacean Res Manag. 2004;6: 19–24. Reeves, R. R., Read, A. J. & Notarbartolo di Sciara, G. Report of the Workshop on Interactions Between Dolphins and Fisheries in the Mediterranean, Evaluation of Mitigation Alternatives: Roma, 4–5 May 2001. (2001).

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