The Citadel: The Classic Novel that Inspired the NHS

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A. J. Cronin, author of 'Citadel' and 'Keys of the Kingdom', dies". New York Times. 10 January 1981 . Retrieved 22 May 2021. Gallup Jr., Alec M. (2009). The Gallup Poll Cumulative Index: Public Opinion, 1935–1997, p. 135, Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. ISBN 0842025871. A. J. Cronin, Adventures in Two Worlds, Chapter 40 ("Why I Believe in God," in The Road to Damascus. Volume IV: Roads to Rome, edited by John O'Brien. London: Pinnacle Books, 1955, pp. 11–18).

Madhura Swapnam (from the novel The Citadel), directed by K. Raghavendra Rao, featuring Jaya Prada, Jayasudha, and Krishnamraju The ethical issues raised by Cronin were also not neglected. Most medical schools began teaching in this area, and societies and institutes of medical ethics began to spring up. Medical ethics is now firmly established as a field of study, and literature can provide a focus for its discussions. Desmonde (novel, 1975), ISBN 0-316-16163-2; also published as The Minstrel Boy (1975), ISBN 0-450-03279-5 Rivett GC. From Cradle to Grave, the first 50 years of the NHS. London: King’s Fund and www.nhshistory.net It is claimed, with some justification, that the book strongly influenced the result of the 1945 British general election, when the voters rejected the war hero Churchill in favour of the less charismatic social reformer, the Labour leader Attlee. This Labour government established the NHS in 1948. The seeds of the NHS were sown in Tredegar, home town of the NHS’s architect, Aneurin Bevan. Cronin spent three formative years in this town (“Aberlaw” in The Citadel). The Medical Aid Societies set up by the Miners’ unions in South Wales inspired Bevan to extend free health care to the entire nation. In Adventures in Two Worlds, Cronin says: “In actual fact this scheme can definitely be regarded as the foundation of the plan of socialized medicine which was eventually adopted by Great Britain. Aneurin Bevan, who was mainly responsible for the national project, and at one time a miner at Tredegar, and here, under the local aid organization, the value of prompt and gratuitous treatment for the worker was strongly impressed upon him.” Launching the NHS, Bevan said: “All I am doing is extending to the entire population of Britain the benefits we had in Tredegar for a generation or more. We are going to “Tredegarise” you”8. Bevan and Cronin are not known to have met, but, given their mutual connections with Tredegar and their fame, it would seem highly likely that they did.Once to Every Woman (from short story, Kaleidoscope in "K"), directed by Lambert Hillyer, featuring Ralph Bellamy, Fay Wray, Walter Connolly, Mary Carlisle, and Walter Byron Cronin's widow Agnes died five months later on 10 June 1981, and after cremation, her ashes were buried next to him. Ultimately Cronin returned to Europe, to reside in Lucerne and Montreux, Switzerland, for the last 25 years of his life. He continued to write into his eighties. He included among his friends Laurence Olivier, Charlie Chaplin and Audrey Hepburn, to whose first son he was a godfather. Richard E. Berlin was the godfather of his son Andrew. All about the doctor turned novelist whose heart always remained in Scotland". The National. 3 January 2021 . Retrieved 13 August 2023.

I dont know if I can do justice to this book from my review, but I will try. The Citadel is my favourite novel without doubt. I will always love this book no matter how many brilliant books I read in the future. I treat this book with a kind of reverence which I give to no other novels and that has a lot to do with how I came across the book and the time at which I read it. Since Manson has accused the incompetent surgeon of murder, he is vindictively reported to the General Medical Council for having worked with an American tuberculosis specialist, Richard Stillman, who does not have a medical degree, even though the patient had been successfully treated at his clinic. Stillman's treatment, that of pneumothorax, involved collapsing an affected lung with nitrogen, and was not universally accepted at the time. Christine helps her husband with his silicosis research. Eager to improve the lives of his patients, mainly coal miners, Manson dedicates many hours to research in his chosen field of lung disease. He studies for, and is granted, the MRCP, and when his research is published, an MD. The research gains him a post with the "Mines Fatigue Board" in London, but he resigns after six months to set up a private practice. Cronin, A. J. (9 October 1937). "The Citadel". Australian Women's Weekly: 8–11, 47–49 . Retrieved 15 January 2023. The Australian Women's Weekly is proud to present the novel to its readers as a serial. You must not miss a line of it. Cronin died on 6 January 1981 in Montreux and is interred at La Tour-de-Peilz. [17] Many of Cronin's writings, including published and unpublished literary manuscripts, drafts, letters, school exercise books and essays, laboratory books and his M.D. thesis, are held at the National Library of Scotland and at the Harry Ransom Center at the University of Texas.

Cronin’s choice of title symbolises his view of an idealistic healthcare system focused on providing safety and protection during crises, not of war, but of health. Slečna Meg a talíř Ming (Československá Televise), featuring Marie Rosulková, Eva Svobodová, Petr Kostka, and Svatopluk Beneš

Samuel, R. (22 June 1995). "North and South: A Year in a Mining Village". London Review of Books. 17 (12): 3–6. and 1963 – The Ordeal of Dr Shannon ( NBC& ITV), featuring Rod Taylor, Elizabeth MacLennan, and Ronald Fraser The novel is of interest because of its portrayal of a voluntary contribution medical association which is based (not entirely uncritically) on the Tredegar Medical Aid Society for which Cronin worked for a time in the 1920s, and which in due course became the inspiration for the National Health Service as established under Aneurin Bevan.

Historical information is captivatingly drawn. At the same time facts are informatively presented. There is a good balance of heart and head.