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A HELIX is a three dimensional spiraling circular object. The most common application of the helix shape is in the common spring. A helix has a height or length, diameter and pitch, where pitch is the measurement between the spirals (see diagram). Helix Calculators: These two values define the range for the diameter of a circular reflector plate to be used with the helical antenna. In practice, square reflectors are often used, in which case the two values define the range of the square side lengths. Smaller or larger reflectors can be used but they may have unexpected effects on the gain or radiation pattern. Other reflector types (such as "cups" or "cones") are sometimes also used to increase gain and directivity.
This is the value of S λ expressed in millimeters according to the operational wavelength. Helix diameter (D) This calculator provides the length of a helix with a given pitch, radius, and number of turns. ExplanationSame as S λ, except calculated for the current wavelength. This value together with diameter D are the two important measurements for constructing your helical antenna. Half power beam width (B hp)
TL;DR: Keep your expectations realistic, if the theoretical performance shown by this calculator seems too good to be true, then it probably is. After building your helix, do a few tests to observe its performance and adjust it if necessary. For general purpose receive-only (or very low power transmit) applications based on already tested specifications, the estimations will be good enough. Height of the helix (A) Before diving into the formula, let's first define what a helix is. A helix is a three-dimensional shape that has a curved, spiral form. It is defined by its radius, pitch, and number of turns. The radius is the distance from the center of the helix to its edge. The pitch is the distance between one complete turn of the helix. The number of turns is the number of times the helix completes a full rotation. Formula for Helix Length Calculator: Same as operating frequency F, except converted to wavelenght. Intermediary value used in other equations mainly for simplicity. For the purposes of this calculator, the wavelength is expressed in millimeters. Helix circumference - real (C)The mathematical representation of a helix curve cannot be attributed to a single individual. It is a cumulative effort by many mathematicians and scientists across centuries. However, the concept of parametric equations, which is central to defining a helix curve, was introduced by mathematicians such as Carl Friedrich Gauss and Pierre-Simon Laplace in the 18th and 19th centuries. Real Life Application Length (L). The total length of the wire used to create the coil. Below is the coil length formula: The Length of a Helix calculator computes the linear length of a spiral or helix where the helix is pulled into a straight line. This shows the angle at which the helical conductor is wound. When using a circumference C λ of 1, it essentially expresses the same thing as the turn spacing S λ. Similarly to the height A, this does not consider the pitch angle change in any impedance matching sections of the helix. Length of 1 turn (L t)
Helix Length Calculator Radius of Helix (in cm): Pitch of Helix (in cm): Calculate Length of Helix (in cm): Introduction: The half power beam width represents the angle within the main lobe of the antenna where its gain is above 50% of the peak gain (angle between -3dB points of the main lobe). First null beam width (B fn)This tells you which diameter to aim for when selecting your conductor to make the helix. As has been proven by many people though, it is not a critical design restriction, especially when using conductor thinner than recommended. Reflector diameter (R min and R max) This is an estimation of how much conductor (wire, tubing, ...) you will need to wind the helix. Once again, this does not consider things like impedance matching or build imperfections, so always leave yourself some extra length if you are cutting it beforehand. Ideal diameter of helix conductor (d) A helix, sometimes also called a coil, is a curve for which the tangent makes a constant angle with a fixed line. The shortest where HXL is the helix length, R is the rise of the helix in one revolution, and C is the circumference of the helix.
Similar to the half power beam width, except the first null angle is estimated between the points of the lowest gain around the main lobe (nulls). Gain (G) Understanding the helix curve is vital not only in the realm of theoretical physics and mathematics but also in numerous practical applications. From the smallest DNA molecules to large mechanical and electromagnetic systems, the helix curve has proven to be a critical element in our understanding of the world. Physics Calculators This is a simple helical antenna calculator that I've been using for my antennas and dish feeds, originally I had it only in a private spreadsheet document. It is based on the book "Antennas For All Applications" by John D. Kraus and Ronald J. Marhefka and the "ARRL Antenna Book".
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Depending on the way the helical conductor is wound, the resulting antenna will be either right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) or left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP). A RHCP antenna will not be able to receive LHCP signals, while a LHCP antenna fails to receive RHCP. This is because of a theoretical infinite dB mismatch loss between RHCP and LHCP, although in the real world - where no antenna is perfect - even a RHCP helix will come with a (highly suppressed) LHCP component. Predicted total height of the helix. This does not include things like the reflector plate or the connector that increase the total height, or impedance matching which can decrease the height. Pitch angle (α) In the rare case of a dish reflector with additional subreflectors (Gregorian, Cassegrainian), the correct polarization flip has to be considered for each subreflector.
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