Asana, Pranayama, Mudra and Bandha.: 1

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The Bodhyangi mudrā, the "mudrā of the six elements," or the "fist of wisdom," [9] is a gesture entailing the left-hand index finger being grasped with the right hand.

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In the legend, Buddha was challenged by the evil one, Mara, who argue for a witness to attest his right to achieve it. Taisen Miyata: A study of the ritual mudras in the Shingon tradition: A phenomenological study on the eighteen ways of esoteric recitation in the Koyasan tradition.

He has the skills and experience to provide the highest quality of training in the teaching of Yoga. The main mudras used represent specific moments in the life of the Buddha, and are shorthand depictions of these. Unlike older tantric mudras, hatha yogic mudras are generally internal actions, involving the pelvic floor, diaphragm, throat, eyes, tongue, anus, genitals, abdomen, and other parts of the body. He visits India regularly to continue his study of Yoga, to attend programmes and to practice ‘ seva’ (service). Vajroli mudra, the Vajroli Seal, requires the yogi to preserve the semen, either by learning not to release it, or if released by drawing it up through the urethra from the vagina of "a woman devoted to the practice of yoga".

Asana, Pranayama, Mudra and Bandha By Swami Satyananda Saraswati - Wob Asana, Pranayama, Mudra and Bandha By Swami Satyananda Saraswati

Tendai and Shingon Buddhism derived the supposedly powerful gestures from Mikkyo Buddhism, still to be found in many Ko-ryū ("old") martial arts Ryū (schools) founded before the 17th century. It can be made with the arm crooked and the palm offered slightly turned up or in the case of the arm facing down the palm presented with the fingers upright or slightly bent. The mida no jōin (弥陀定印) is the Japanese name of a variation of the dhyāna mudra, where the index fingers are brought together with the thumbs. This was predominantly used in Japan in an effort to distinguish Amitābha (hence "mida" from Amida) from the Vairocana Buddha, [11] and was rarely used elsewhere.In China and Japan during the Northern Wei and Asuka periods, respectively, the fingers are stiff and then gradually begin to loosen as it developed over time, eventually leading to the Tang dynasty standard where the fingers are naturally curved. There are several variants such as in the Ajanta Caves frescoes, where the two hands are separated and the fingers do not touch. These expanded in number from 3 in the Amritasiddhi, to 25 in the Gheranda Samhita, with a classical set of ten arising in the Hatha Yoga Pradipika. According to scholar Sir Monier Monier-Williams it means "seal" or "any other instrument used for sealing". It is done by joining the tips of the thumb and the index together, and keeping the other fingers straight very much like the abhaya and varada mudrās but with the thumbs touching the index fingers.

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It is heavily used in Southeast Asia in Theravada Buddhism; however, the thumbs are placed against the palms. After six years of practice, which cannot be hurried, the tongue is said to become able to close the top end of the sushumna channel. Mudra is used in the iconography of Hindu and Buddhist art of the Indian subcontinent and described in the scriptures, such as Nātyaśāstra, which lists 24 asaṁyuta ("separated", meaning "one-hand") and 13 saṁyuta ("joined", meaning "two-hand") mudras. Khecarī mudrā, the Khechari Seal, consists of turning back the tongue "into the hollow of the skull", [23] sealing in the bindu fluid so that it stops dripping down from the head and being lost, even when the yogi "embraces a passionate woman".The Jñāna mudrā ("mudra of wisdom") is done by touching the tips of the thumb and the index together, forming a circle, and the hand is held with the palm inward towards the heart.

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It is nearly the same as the Western " sign of the horns", the difference is that in the Karana mudra the thumb does not hold down the middle and ring finger. The practice is claimed by the Dattatreyayogashastra to destroy all diseases and to banish grey hair and wrinkles. The dhyāna mudrā ("meditation mudra") is the gesture of meditation, of the concentration of the Good Law and the sangha. This mudra was probably used before the onset of Buddhism as a symbol of good intentions proposing friendship when approaching strangers.The Hatha Yoga Pradipika states the importance of mudras in yoga practice: "Therefore the [ Kundalini] goddess sleeping at the entrance of Brahma's door [at the base of the spine] should be constantly aroused with all effort, by performing mudra thoroughly. Six months of this treatment destroys the frenulum, leaving the tongue able to fold back; then the yogi is advised to practise stretching the tongue out, holding it with a cloth, to lengthen it, and to learn to touch each ear in turn, and the base of the chin. The bhūmisparśa or "earth witness" mudra of Gautama Buddha is one of the most common iconic images of Buddhism. Mula Bandha, the Root Lock, consists of pressing one heel into the anus, generally in a cross-legged seated asana, and contracting the perineum, forcing the prana to enter the central sushumna channel. In addition, many of the Buddhist mudras are used outside South Asia, and have developed different local forms elsewhere.