The Queen: 1926–2022

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Queen honoured with Bafta award for film and TV support", BBC News, 4 April 2013, archived from the original on 7 April 2013 , retrieved 7 April 2013 Coughlan, Sean (22 February 2022), "Queen cancels virtual engagements as mild Covid persists", BBC News, archived from the original on 4 March 2022 , retrieved 7 March 2022 a b "Children's Hour: Princess Elizabeth", BBC Archive, 13 October 1940, archived from the original on 27 November 2019 , retrieved 22 July 2009

a b "Her Majesty The Queen: Early life and education", Royal Household, 29 December 2015, archived from the original on 7 May 2016 , retrieved 18 April 2016 A History of Royal Burials and Funerals", Westminster Abbey, archived from the original on 12 September 2022 , retrieved 11 September 2022 Taylor, Harry (21 October 2021), "The Queen spent night in hospital after cancelling Northern Ireland visit", The Guardian, archived from the original on 25 February 2022 , retrieved 8 September 2022 Friel, Mikhaila (16 March 2020), "The royal family is canceling events because of the coronavirus, and the Queen may be asked to self-isolate for up to 4 months", Insider, archived from the original on 8 September 2022 , retrieved 5 July 2021

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Bond 2006, p.22; Brandreth 2004, p.271; Lacey 2002, p.194; Pimlott 2001, p.238; Shawcross 2002, p.146 During her lifetime, she witnessed many events that changed the world. The Second World War, the Moon landings, the end of the British Empire, the birth of the Internet and the coronavirus pandemic to name but a few. Queen's Speech 2021: What can we expect?", BBC News, 10 May 2021, archived from the original on 10 May 2021 , retrieved 10 May 2021 Royal Family tree and line of succession", BBC News, 4 September 2017, archived from the original on 11 March 2021 , retrieved 13 May 2022

Alderson, Andrew (27 May 2007), "Tony and Her Majesty: an uneasy relationship", The Telegraph, archived from the original on 10 January 2022 , retrieved 31 May 2010 When her father died in February 1952, Elizabeth—then 25 years old—became queen of seven independent Commonwealth countries: the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Pakistan, and Ceylon (known today as Sri Lanka), as well as head of the Commonwealth. Elizabeth reigned as a constitutional monarch through major political changes such as the Troubles in Northern Ireland, devolution in the United Kingdom, the decolonisation of Africa, and the United Kingdom's accession to the European Communities and withdrawal from the European Union. The number of her realms varied over time as territories gained independence and some realms became republics. As queen, Elizabeth was served by more than 170 prime ministers across her realms. Her many historic visits and meetings included state visits to China in 1986, to Russia in 1994, and to the Republic of Ireland in 2011, and meetings with five popes and fourteen US presidents. Alderson, Andrew (28 May 2007), "Revealed: Queen's dismay at Blair legacy", The Telegraph, archived from the original on 10 January 2022 , retrieved 31 May 2010Heald, Tim (2007), Princess Margaret: A Life Unravelled, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN 978-0-2978-4820-2 The Commonwealth: Gifts to the Queen", Royal Collection Trust, archived from the original on 1 March 2016 , retrieved 20 February 2016

Queen wears face mask as she marks Unknown Warrior centenary", BBC News, 7 November 2020, archived from the original on 13 August 2021 , retrieved 5 July 2021 Berry, Ciara (15 January 2016), "Personal flags", The Royal Family, Royal Household, archived from the original on 7 May 2016 , retrieved 18 April 2016 Waddell, Lily (7 March 2022), "Queen holds in-person meeting with Justin Trudeau in front of blue and yellow flowers", Evening Standard, archived from the original on 7 March 2022 , retrieved 7 March 2022 The University of Cambridge community is deeply saddened to hear of the death of Her Majesty The Queen. Her dignity, integrity and sense of duty led her to become one of the most highly respected and loved figures across the globe. The UK and the member states of the Commonwealth mourn her loss.In Photos: World Leaders Join Public to Pay Respects to Queen", Voice of America, 18 September 2022, archived from the original on 13 January 2023 , retrieved 18 September 2022 In 2002, Elizabeth marked her Golden Jubilee, the 50th anniversary of her accession. Her sister and mother died in February and March, respectively, and the media speculated on whether the Jubilee would be a success or a failure. [175] The death of her sister shook Elizabeth; her funeral was one of the rare occasions where Elizabeth openly cried. [176] Elizabeth again undertook an extensive tour of her realms, beginning in Jamaica in February, where she called the farewell banquet "memorable" after a power cut plunged King's House, the official residence of the governor-general, into darkness. [177] As in 1977, there were street parties and commemorative events, and monuments were named to honour the occasion. One million people attended each day of the three-day main Jubilee celebration in London, [178] and the enthusiasm shown for Elizabeth by the public was greater than many journalists had anticipated. [179] Greeting NASA employees at the Goddard Space Flight Center, Maryland, May 2007 From Elizabeth's birth onwards, the British Empire continued its transformation into the Commonwealth of Nations. [77] By the time of her accession in 1952, her role as head of multiple independent states was already established. [78] In 1953, Elizabeth and her husband embarked on a seven-month round-the-world tour, visiting 13 countries and covering more than 40,000 miles (64,000km) by land, sea and air. [79] She became the first reigning monarch of Australia and New Zealand to visit those nations. [80] During the tour, crowds were immense; three-quarters of the population of Australia were estimated to have seen her. [81] Throughout her reign, Elizabeth made hundreds of state visits to other countries and tours of the Commonwealth; she was the most widely travelled head of state. [82]

Bond 2006, p.97; Bradford 2012, p.189; Pimlott 2001, pp.449–450; Roberts 2000, p.87; Shawcross 2002, pp.1114–117 Prince Harry, Meghan and Meghan’s mother, Doria Ragland, show their newborn son Archie to Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip at Windsor Castle, 8 May Photograph: Chris Allerton/SussexRoyal/AFP/Getty 6 May 2019 Operation Unicorn", Not "London Bridge": The Codename For Queen's Death", NDTV, Agence France-Presse, 8 September 2022, archived from the original on 21 September 2022 , retrieved 4 October 2022 Bousfield, Arthur; Toffoli, Gary (2002), Fifty Years the Queen, Dundurn Press, ISBN 978-1-5500-2360-2Queen's 'fantasy assassin' jailed", BBC News, 14 September 1981, archived from the original on 28 July 2011 , retrieved 21 June 2010 Royal plans to beat nationalism", BBC News, 8 March 2005, archived from the original on 8 February 2012 , retrieved 15 June 2010 Has the Queen done a good job during her time on the throne?", YouGov, archived from the original on 24 September 2022 , retrieved 4 October 2022 Queen ElizabethII will be the world's oldest head of state if Robert Mugabe is toppled", MSN, 14 November 2017, archived from the original on 15 November 2017 , retrieved 20 November 2017 Bradford, Sarah (2002), Elizabeth: A Biography of Her Majesty the Queen (2nded.), Penguin, ISBN 978-0-1419-3333-7