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The ubiquitous brunch or hair of the dog concoction has spawned countless riffs, many of which have been indoctrinated as more or less official variants. Some feature slight divergences from the bloody mary, others seemingly took the idea and ran with the wind. Now aged 37, Mary turned her attention to finding a husband and producing an heir, which would prevent the Protestant Elizabeth (still next-in-line under the terms of Henry VIII's will and the Act of Succession of 1544) from succeeding to the throne. Edward Courtenay and Reginald Pole were both mentioned as prospective suitors, but her first cousin Charles V suggested she marry his only legitimate son, Philip. [85] The Spanish prince had been widowed a few years before by the death of his first wife, Maria Manuela of Portugal, mother of his son Carlos and was the heir apparent to vast territories in Continental Europe and the New World. Both Philip and Mary were descendants of John of Gaunt and in Mary's case, the ancestry was by double lineage. [ citation needed] As part of the marriage negotiations, a portrait of Philip by Titian was sent to Mary in the latter half of 1553. [86] Haigh, pp. 203–234, quoted in Freeman, Thomas S. (2017). "Restoration and Reaction: Reinterpreting the Marian Church." Journal of Ecclesiastical History In press. online.
Mary was the only surviving child of Henry VIII by his first wife, Catherine of Aragon. She was declared illegitimate and barred from the line of succession following the annulment of her parents' marriage in 1533, though she would later be restored via the Third Succession Act 1543. Her younger half-brother, Edward VI, succeeded their father in 1547 at the age of nine. When Edward became terminally ill in 1553, he attempted to remove Mary from the line of succession because he supposed, correctly, that she would reverse the Protestant reforms that had taken place during his reign. Upon his death, leading politicians proclaimed Mary and Edward's Protestant cousin, Lady Jane Grey, as queen instead. Mary speedily assembled a force in East Anglia and deposed Jane, who was eventually beheaded. Mary was—excluding the disputed reigns of Jane and the Empress Matilda—the first queen regnant of England. In July 1554, Mary married Prince Philip of Spain, becoming queen consort of Habsburg Spain on his accession in 1556. On 10 July 1553, Lady Jane was proclaimed queen by Northumberland and his supporters, and on the same day Mary's letter to the council arrived in London. By 12 July, Mary and her supporters had assembled a military force at Framlingham Castle, Suffolk. [76] Northumberland's support collapsed, [77] and Jane was deposed on 19 July. [78] She and Northumberland were imprisoned in the Tower of London. Mary rode triumphantly into London on 3 August 1553, on a wave of popular support. She was accompanied by her half-sister Elizabeth and a procession of over 800 nobles and gentlemen. [79] Reign [ edit ] Born on February 18, 1516, in the Greenwich Palace in London, England, to Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon, Mary seemed an unlikely candidate to be queen, let alone a “bloody” one. Her father deeply desired a male heir and spent Mary’s childhood doing whatever it took to get one. The red snapper is said to be the first-ever stateside bloody mary, created in 1934 by Fernand Petiot at the St. Regis New York’s King Cole Bar. The recipe served up by the St. Regis includes one ounce of vodka, 11 ounces of a house bloody mary mix, which includes lemon juice, tomato juice, Worcestershire, Tabasco, seasonings, and a lemon wedge garnish.As History notes, the Protestants’ deaths were meticulously recorded by a Protestant named John Foxe. In his 1563 book The Actes and Monuments, also known as Foxe’s Book of Martyrs, he described the deaths of Protestant martyrs throughout history, complete with illustrations. Let's break down some of their refreshingly satisfying flavors, shall we? But like we said, they have well over twenty options, so we may not touch every single one. Does Cutwater Use Real Liquor? After Philip's visit in 1557, Mary again thought she was pregnant, with a baby due in March 1558. [152] She decreed in her will that her husband would be the regent during the minority of their child. [153] But no child was born, and Mary was forced to accept that her half-sister Elizabeth would be her lawful successor. [154] The gently muddled mint and lime notes combine with Cutwater Bali Hai White Rum and club soda to provide a refreshing sipper. Here are the stats:
What’s more, one witness claimed during Bathory’s trial that they’d seen a diary in which Bathory recorded her victims. There were not 80 names on the list — but 650. For that reason, Bathory seems like a fair candidate to be Bloody Mary. All that said, her defenders argue that the charges against her were fabricated because the king owed her late husband debts.A bloody mary, at its essence, is built of tomato juice and vodka. Add in some citrus or spices or garnishes, sure, but that’s the core of the drink. Yet, its variations may include just one of those two seemingly mandatory ingredients, or neither, and these drinks are often further embellished by all sorts of add-ons, twists and turns. When Mary died in 1558 at the age of 42, possibly from uterine or ovarian cancer, she died without a child. So, her Protestant half-sister, Elizabeth, took power instead, cementing Protestantism’s place in England.
Mary was weak and ill from May 1558. [155] In pain, possibly from ovarian cysts or uterine cancer, [156] she died on 17 November 1558, aged 42, at St James's Palace, during an influenza epidemic that also claimed Archbishop Pole's life later that day. She was succeeded by Elizabeth. Philip, who was in Brussels, wrote to his sister Joan: "I felt a reasonable regret for her death." [157] Mary was a precocious child. [12] In July 1520, when scarcely four and a half years old, she entertained a visiting French delegation with a performance on the virginals (a type of harpsichord). [13] A great part of her early education came from her mother, who consulted the Spanish humanist Juan Luis Vives for advice and commissioned him to write De Institutione Feminae Christianae, a treatise on the education of girls. [14] By the age of nine, Mary could read and write Latin. [15] She studied French, Spanish, music, dance, and perhaps Greek. [16] Henry VIII doted on his daughter and boasted to the Venetian ambassador Sebastian Giustiniani that Mary never cried. [17] Mary had a fair complexion with pale blue eyes and red or reddish-golden hair, traits very similar to those of her parents. She was ruddy-cheeked, a trait she inherited from her father. [18] Samson, Alexander (2020). Mary and Philip: The Marriage of Tudor England and Habsburg Spain. Manchester UK: Manchester University Press. ISBN 978-1-5261-4223-8. English coinage was debased under both Henry VIII and Edward VI. Mary drafted plans for currency reform but they were not implemented until after her death. [151] Death [ edit ] Portrait by Hans Eworth ( c. 1555–58)Haigh, Christopher (1992). English Reformations: religion, politics and society under the Tudors. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-198-22163-0. OCLC 26720329. OL 1718720M. Elizabeth remained at court until October, apparently restored to favour. [114] In the absence of any children, Philip was concerned that one of the next claimants to the English throne after his sister-in-law was Mary, Queen of Scots, who was betrothed to the Dauphin of France. Philip persuaded his wife that Elizabeth should marry his cousin Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, to secure the Catholic succession and preserve the Habsburg interest in England, but Elizabeth refused to agree and parliamentary consent was unlikely. [115] Religious policy [ edit ] Gold medal showing "Mary I, Queen of England, France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith", 1555 Mary by Hans Eworth, 1554. She wears a jewelled pendant bearing a pearl set beneath two diamonds. The bloody maria, a riff on the mary, can be made with either tequila or mezcal in place of vodka. From there, the sky’s the limit, but those spirits certainly lend themselves to different types of flavors and influences. Duffy, Eamon (2009). Fires of Faith: Catholic England Under Mary Tudor. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-15216-6. OCLC 276274639. OL 22685559M. Prescott, H. F. M. (1952). Mary Tudor: The Spanish Tudor. Second edition. London: Eyre & Spottiswoode.
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