de Romanis Book 1: dei et deae (De Romanis, 1)

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Guy, Will (2001). Between past and future: the Roma of Central and Eastern Europe. Hatfield: University of Hertfordshire Press. ISBN 978-1-902806-07-5. By the 14th century, the Romanis had reached the Balkans and Bohemia; by the 15th century, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and Portugal; and by the 16th century, Russia, Denmark, Scotland, and Sweden. [27] (although DNA evidence from mid-11th century skeletons in Norwich suggest that at least a few individuals may have arrived earlier, perhaps due to Viking enslavement of Romani from the eastern Mediterranean, or liaisons with the Varangians [35]). a b c Gresham, David; Morar, Bharti; Underhill, Peter A.; Passarino, Giuseppe; Lin, Alice A.; Wise, Cheryl; Angelicheva, Dora; Calafell, Francesc; Oefner, Peter J.; Shen, Peidong; Tournev, Ivailo; de Pablo, Rosario; Kuĉinskas, Vaidutis; Perez-Lezaun, Anna; Marushiakova, Elena; Popov, Vesselin; Kalaydjieva, Luba (December 2001). "Origins and Divergence of the Roma (Gypsies)". The American Journal of Human Genetics. 69 (6): 1314–1331. doi: 10.1086/324681. PMC 1235543. PMID 11704928. Crowe, David (2004). A History of the Gypsies of Eastern Europe and Russia. Palgrave Macmillan. ISBN 0-312-08691-1.

Harris, Mark. "Gypsies-msg". Stefan's Florilegium. Archived from the original on 24 August 2007 . Retrieved 24 December 2014. Kolev, Deyan (2004). Shaping modern identities: social and ethnic changes in Gypsy community in Bulgaria during the Communist period (MA thesis). Budapest: Central European University. de Romanis seemed heaven-sent to help me!"- Jo Lashley, Lead Latin tutor at Wolsey Hall, Oxford. Read case study here. The de Romanis textbooks have breathed new life into Latin learning!” – Emma Kate Trow-Poole, The King's School, UK In terms of the language activities to help consolidate grammar and vocabulary, this coursebook has a lot to offer. The ‘Additional Language’ sections offer a wide variety of differentiated activities, including crosswords, anagrams, match-up activities, and English to Latin sentences, consolidating both grammar and vocabulary, meaning that teachers are able to select the most appropriate for their classes and SoW, or indeed the students can self-select. The variety of consolidation activities on offer in this section is undoubtedly a strength to this course.In this first volume students meet the gods and heroes of the Roman world, introduced through stories from Chapter 1 onwards, so that students can immediately read passages of Latin. From myths about the gods to stories about religious customs and festivals, this is the perfect way to learn about the religious framework of Roman daily life. The final chapter on prophecy, ending with stories of historical figures such as Caesar interpreting messages from the gods, prepares for the transition in the second volume to the world of men - and women - of ancient Rome.

Bloomsbury Classics titles is partnering with Classoos during school closures and offering free digital access to the school textbooks – this includes the new de Romanis and also the OCR textbooks. The emperor Claudius invades Britain; Boudicca leads a rebellion; Boudicca is defeated; Calgacus rouses the Scots; Hadrian's Wall A Guide to Latin Pronunciation, an Introduction to Latin Verse, recordings of passages read in Latin and links to short films in Latin. The Perseus Project Marius reforms the Roman army; Lucullus is denied a triumph; Caesar launches an invasion of Britain; Caesar conquers Vercingetorix and all of Gaul; Civil War in Rome Roman roads are a particularly well studied index of continuity and change. Despite their fame, even in antiquity, for their transformation of landscapes, they often followed existing routes and did not impose perceptible changes in archaeological evidence for pre-Roman local settlement, trade and social patterns. Footnote 74 Such is at least one conclusion about the Via Postumia, which was constructed from Genoa to Aquileia in 187. Footnote 75 Yet Roman roads were powerfully different from earlier routes. Durable construction material shortened journey times and made road travel more reliable, thereby transforming the experience of mobility within northern Italy and between it and the rest of the peninsula. Footnote 76 Calgacus's speech in Tacitus’ Agricola, though imaginary, suggests the suffering that roads caused native populations that were forced to build them. Footnote 77 Milestones and other monuments declared Rome's primacy. Footnote 78 In northern Italy, the creation of a new political space was clear to locals. Footnote 79 Between 187 and 131, Rome constructed the Via Aemilia, Via Postumia, Via Annia and Via Popilia. Together, these roads enclosed the Po plain. Footnote 80 The Sententia Minuciorum, which records the settlement of a dispute between the Genuates and the Langenses Viturii, thought to be a Ligurian tribe, suggests that northern peoples understood the role of the Via Postumia in demarcating their movements and use of land. The dispute seems to have concerned the occupation of ager publicus and grazing rights in territory through which the Via Postumia ran. Footnote 81 The Via Sebaste, which was also constructed in a recently and fiercely rebellious area in Pisidia, provides a useful comparison. Built in 6/5 b.c.e., it reshaped local mobility by connecting a group of new Augustan colonies and ignoring preexisting local centres. The decision to route the Via Sebaste thus could be explained by the fact that these centres were already connected by a regional network. But as Stephen Mitchell and his co-authors point out, it was a tool for facilitating imperial aims. Footnote 82In addition to pepper, De Romanis says, exports included both local products – ivory, pearls, spices such as malabathron – and those from other parts of India, including semi-precious stones, silks and the aromatic root nard. “These attest to commercial relationships nurtured with the Gangetic valley and east Himalayan regions.” Some historians – such as Rajan Gurukkal, author of Rethinking Classical Indo-Roman Trade – have argued that Pattanam (which he believes is the location of Muziris) was likely nothing more elaborate than a colony of Mediterranean merchants, plus the inland traders and artisans who dealt with them. Gurukkal’s theory is based on the apparent absence of permanent structures, and the seeming disconnect of the materials and skills found at Pattanam with those of the wider region. He suggests the colony might even have been seasonal, inhabited only when ships arrived for trade. a b c Knudsen, Marko D. "The History of the Roma: 2.5.4: 1647 to 1714". Die Geschichte der Roma. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013 . Retrieved 24 December 2014. The Boundless Sea (henceforth BS) is not the sequel that CS promised, but a response to the discussion and debate it provoked. It consists of a preface and twelve essays; eleven are reprints with light revisions, and all are listed as co-authored, including those that did not originate so. Broadly speaking, the essays fall into one of three kinds of response. Some, like chs 2 and 3, are part of long-term conversations between the authors and their critics, including those who argue that they veer into Mediterranean exceptionalism with their claims of the sea's distinctiveness. Their reply essentially amounts to an agreement to disagree about whether they present ‘the Mediterranean as the product of, or even as too closely associated with, the hegemonial systems of its history’ (46). The second set of essays considers ways to integrate the Mediterranean into global histories. In ch. 1, the authors describe the relatively new subfield of the history of seas and oceans, which they term ‘the new thalassology’. In this context, they consider ways to define the Mediterranean and contrast it with other bodies of water. They conclude by insisting that the premodern Mediterranean was indeed singular. Subsequently, chs 8, 11 and 12 compare the Mediterranean with northern Europe, the Sahara and Asia. The third kind of response treats the problem of conjoining cultural, social, economic and political histories with approaches to Mediterranean ecologies and logics of communication. Thus, ch. 10 examines periods in which political conditions put people to sea, as when Rome's conquest of the Mediterranean prompted the emigration of tens of thousands of Roman and Italian negotiatores, or businessmen, from Italy. Rightly, the authors argue that this population (which Sections III and IV discuss further) ‘articulate[s] a world of connectivity which maps onto what we call the Mediterranean’ (174).