Learning Theories Simplified: ...and how to apply them to teaching

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The affective domain is not usually used when planning for math and sciences as feelings and emotion are not relevant for those subjects. A variable-ratio produces the highest response rate for students learning a new task, whereby initial reinforcement (e. Behaviorism and its offshoots tend to be among the most scientific of the psychological perspectives.

The rats soon learned to press the lever when the light came on because they knew that this would stop the electric current from being switched on. The highlights of this revision were switching names of the subdivisions from nouns to verbs, thus making them easier to use when curriculum and lesson planning. Given our increasing access to technology, learning looks a lot different than it did even a few years ago.

Stages of Cognitive development: Sensorimotor; Preoperational; Concrete Operational; Formal Operational. Erik Erikson was a stage theorist who developed Freud’s “Psychosexual Theory” and adapted it into a psychosocial (having both psychological and social aspects) theory encompassing eight stages. While these are physical (kinesthetic) actions, they are a vector for cognitive learning, not psycho-motor learning. Written for busy teachers, trainers, managers and students, this dip-in, dip-out guide makes theories of learning accessible and practical.

So, this theory focuses on the whole person and not just cognitive needs or specific learning targets. We’ll admit that learning theories can be a bit dense and academic to grasp, but that’s exactly why we created this guide.The work of Skinner was rooted in the view that classical conditioning was far too simplistic to be a complete explanation of complex human behavior. You’ll frequently hear these different theories of learning mentioned in the context of a teacher working with a classroom of students — as opposed to professional or workplace training.

Despite the fact there are so many educational theorists, there are three labels that they all fall under. For example, when you were younger, if you tried smoking at school, and the chief consequence was that you got in with the crowd you always wanted to hang out with, you would have been positively reinforced (i. Operant Conditioning (response before the stimulus): In this form of conditioning, the response generally occurs before the consequence (which acts as the stimulus for future behavior).Teachers use positive reinforcement (rewards) to encourage good behavior and academic achievement, and negative reinforcement or punishment to discourage disruptive behavior. The pigeons began to act as if their behaviors had a direct effect on the presentation of food, even though there was no such connection. The students themselves should be in control of their learning and it should be achieved through observing and exploring. Informed by the digital age, connectivism departs from constructivism by identifying and remediating gaps in knowledge.

A " learner-centric approach" in which the potential is the focus rather than the method or materials. If children are not allowed to explore these preferences they may develop low self-esteem and shame. Written for busy teachers, students, trainers, managers and , this 'dip-in, dip-out' guide makes theories of learning accessible and practical.The consequence of escaping the electric current ensured that they would repeat the action again and again.