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Don't Accept Me As I Am: Helping "Retarded" People to Excel

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Genetic conditions. Sometimes disability is caused by abnormal genes inherited from parents, errors when genes combine, or other reasons like de novo mutations in genes associated with intellectual disability. [24] [ bettersourceneeded] The most prevalent genetic conditions include Down syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, Fragile X syndrome (common among boys), neurofibromatosis, congenital hypothyroidism, Williams syndrome, phenylketonuria (PKU), and Prader–Willi syndrome. Other genetic conditions include Phelan-McDermid syndrome (22q13del), Mowat–Wilson syndrome, genetic ciliopathy, [25] and Siderius type X-linked intellectual disability ( OMIM: 300263) as caused by mutations in the PHF8 gene ( OMIM: 300560). [26] [27] In the rarest of cases, abnormalities with the X or Y chromosome may also cause disability. Tetrasomy X and pentasomy X syndrome affect a small number of girls worldwide, while boys may be affected by 49, XXXXY, or 49, XYYYY. 47, XYY is not associated with significantly lowered IQ though affected individuals may have slightly lower IQs than non-affected siblings on average. [28] [29] It's not OK that I get ableism on a daily basis': Comedian Rosie Jones opens up to Rachael Davis about ableist abuse, online trolling, and her new Channel 4 documentary Rosie Jones: Am I A R*tard?". The Scotsman. 13 July 2023. p.31. ProQuest 2836037516. Intellectual disability is subdivided into syndromic intellectual disability, in which intellectual deficits associated with other medical and behavioral signs and symptoms are present, and non-syndromic intellectual disability, in which intellectual deficits appear without other abnormalities. [7] Down syndrome and fragile X syndrome are examples of syndromic intellectual disabilities. Healthline has strict sourcing guidelines and relies on peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical associations. We avoid using tertiary references. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.

Laumonnier F, Holbert S, Ronce N, Faravelli F, Lenzner S, Schwartz CE, etal. (October 2005). "Mutations in PHF8 are associated with X linked mental retardation and cleft lip/cleft palate". Journal of Medical Genetics. 42 (10): 780–6. doi: 10.1136/jmg.2004.029439. PMC 1735927. PMID 16199551. Caliph Al-Walid (r. 705–715) built one of the first care homes for individuals with intellectual disabilities and built the first hospital which accommodated intellectually disabled individuals as part of its services. In addition, Al-Walid assigned each intellectually disabled individual a caregiver. [58] In the 13th century, England declared people with intellectual disabilities to be incapable of making decisions or managing their affairs. [56] Guardianships were created to take over their financial affairs. Some children with mild ID fit in well socially. They can acquire practical skills such as self-care and academics up to the intermediate elementary school level. They’re slower than average children their age in most areas but can integrate with their peers in many settings.

History of the Retardation Tests

Holmes GE, Hassanein RS. Significance of minor abnormalities in children. Am Fam Physician. 1988;38(3):185-9.

DNA testing for fragile X mutation (chromosome testing for fragile X misses up to 7% of cases); mothers of affected boys are obligate carriers of the gene Many of these children are adopted; FAS and fetal alcohol effects (usually developmental and behavioral problems) are totally preventable Rafter, Nicole Hahn (1997). Creating born criminals. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. ISBN 0-252-02237-8. OCLC 35548813.The DSM-5 updated criteria to put less emphasis on diagnosing ID based on a threshold of symptoms in each category. Now, healthcare professionals are urged to look holistically at the person’s overall functioning. The level of impairment ranges in severity for each person. Some of the early signs can include: [12] Webster, Lucy (20 July 2023). "Ignore the provocative title – comedian Rosie Jones's Am I a R*tard documentary has a crucial message". The Independent. ProQuest 2839561639 . Retrieved 26 July 2023.

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