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Sequestrants bind to vitamin E and reduce absorption. Any of these agents should be administered more than two hours before or after vitamin E.Colestyramine and colestipol reduce gastrointestinal absorption of vitamin E. a b "Scientific Opinion on the re‐evaluation of tocopherol‐rich extract (E 306), α‐tocopherol (E 307), γ‐tocopherol (E 308) and δ‐tocopherol (E 309) as food additives". EFSA Journal. 13 (9). September 2015. doi: 10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4247. a b Evans HM, Bishop KS (December 1922). "On the Existence of a Hitherto Unrecognized Dietary Factor Essential for Reproduction". Science. 56 (1458): 650–1. Bibcode: 1922Sci....56..650E. doi: 10.1126/science.56.1458.650. JSTOR 1647181. PMID 17838496.
Most people don’t need a vitamin E supplement and can easily meet their needs by following a healthy, well-rounded diet. a b Oakes EH (2007), "Emerson, Gladys Anderson", Encyclopedia of World Scientists, Infobase, pp.211–12, ISBN 978-1-4381-1882-6 Tolerable Upper Intake Levels For Vitamins And Minerals (PDF), European Food Safety Authority, 2006 Its main function is as an antioxidant, a compound that helps combat the cell damage caused by environmental stresses. These can include anything from pollutants and smoking to poor diet, excess alcohol or even too much UV exposure. Over time, oxidative stress can raise the risk of illnesses and even lead to signs of premature ageing, so getting enough antioxidants is a good health insurance policy. Why is ours better? Wefers H, Sies H (June 1988). "The protection by ascorbate and glutathione against microsomal lipid peroxidation is dependent on vitamin E". European Journal of Biochemistry. 174 (2): 353–7. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14105.x. PMID 3383850.Dong Y, Chen X, Liu Y, Shu Y, Chen T, etal. (February 2018). "Do low-serum vitamin E levels increase the risk of Alzheimer disease in older people? Evidence from a meta-analysis of case-control studies". International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry. 33 (2): e257–e63. doi: 10.1002/gps.4780. PMID 28833475. S2CID 44859128. However, supplementation may be recommended for some people, including those with certain health conditions that can impair the digestion or absorption of fat.
Traber MG, Stevens JF (September 2011). "Vitamins C and E: beneficial effects from a mechanistic perspective". Free Radical Biology & Medicine. 51 (5): 1000–13. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.05.017. PMC 3156342. PMID 21664268. The international unit measurement was used by the United States in 1968–2016. 1 IU is the biological equivalent of about 0.667mg d (RRR)-alpha-tocopherol (2/3mg exactly), or of 0.90mg of dl-alpha-tocopherol, corresponding to the then-measured relative potency of stereoisomers. In May 2016, the measurements have been revised, such that 1mg of "Vitamin E" is 1mg of d-alpha-tocopherol or 2mg of dl-alpha-tocopherol. [49] The change was originally started in 2000, when forms of Vitamin E other than alpha-tocopherol was dropped from dietary calculations by the IOM. The UL amount disregards any conversion. [50] The EFSA has never used an IU unit, and their measurement only considers RRR-alpha-tocopherol. [51] Sources [ edit ]Morley JE, Morris JC, Berg-Weger M, et al. Brain health: the importance of recognizing cognitive impairment: an IAGG consensus conference. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2015;16(9):731-739. doi:10.1016/j.jamda.2015.06.017 Press D, et al. Treatment of dementia. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed Aug. 17, 2017. Sano M, Ernesto C, Thomas RG, Klauber MR, Schafer K, Grundman M, Woodbury P, Growdon J, Cotman CW, Pfeiffer E, Schneider LS, Thal LJ. A controlled trial of selegiline, alpha-tocopherol, or both as treatment for Alzheimer's disease. The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study. N Engl J Med. 1997 Apr 24;336(17):1216-22. doi:10.1056/NEJM199704243361704
Composition of Foods Raw, Processed, Prepared USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference, Release 20" (PDF). USDA. February 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 February 2012. Vitamin E is a fat-soluble vitamin, meaning it is stored in your body for when you need it. It is present in foods such as avocados, nuts, seeds, vegetable oils and some green veg. In a long term study of dietary supplementation, Vitamin E (400 IU daily) was found to significantly increase the risk of prostate cancer among healthy.Braunstein, Matthew H. (1 March 2006). Focus on Vitamin E Research. Nova Science Publishers. p.vii. ISBN 978-1-59454-971-7. Saremi A, Arora R. Vitamin E and cardiovascular disease. Am J Ther. 2010 May-Jun;17(3):e56-65. doi:10.1097/MJT.0b013e31819cdc9a Choosing a product that is certified by a third-party organization like USP or NSF International can also help ensure quality and purity. Ingredients Nutrient Requirements and Recommended Dietary Allowances for Indians: A Report of the Expert Group of the Indian Council of Medical Research. pp.283-95 (2009)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on June 15, 2016 . Retrieved February 26, 2018. CVS is a nationwide chain of pharmacies that sells only third-party tested supplements. As such, the store’s own line of supplements, including its vitamin E, is third-party verified. However, CVS doesn’t disclose which lab conducts the testing.
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