Joined in 2023 
82 
63 About this deal
The Victorian Era is often considered to be entirely restrictive of nudity. However, throughout the United Kingdom in the 19th century, workers in coal mines were naked due to the heat and the narrow tunnels that would catch on clothing. Men and boys worked fully naked, while women and girls (usually employed as " hurriers") would generally only strip to the waist, but in some locations, they were fully naked as well. Testimony before a Parliamentary labour commission revealed that working naked in confined spaces made "sexual vices" a "common occurrence". [111] Late modern [ edit ] Japan [ edit ]
Roth, Ann Macy (2021). "Father Earth, Mother Sky: Ancient Egyptian Beliefs About Conception and Fertility". Reading the Body: Representation and Remains in the Archaeological Record. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp.187–201. ISBN 9780812235210. JSTOR j.ctv512z16.19. Dillinger, Hannah (28 April 2019). "When Boys Swam Naked". Greenwich. Associated Press . Retrieved 19 November 2019. See also: Human evolution and Prehistory of nakedness and clothing Evolution of hairlessness [ edit ] Did people in the Middle Ages take baths?". Medievalists.net. 13 April 2013 . Retrieved 27 October 2019.Henry, Eric (1999). "The Social Significance of Nudity in Early China". Fashion Theory. 3 (4): 475–486. doi: 10.2752/136270499779476036. Perkin, H. J. (1 June 1976). "The 'Social Tone' of Victorian Seaside Resorts in the North-West". Northern History. 11 (1): 180–194. doi: 10.1179/nhi.1976.11.1.180. ISSN 0078-172X.
Lindsay, James E. (2005). Daily Life in the Medieval Islamic World. Daily Life through History. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press. Williams, Marilyn Thornton (1991). Zane L. Miller; Henry D. Shapiro (eds.). Washing 'The Great Unwashed' Public Baths in Urban America, 1840–1920. Urban Life and Urban Landscape Series. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.
Unnamed tribe expedition – 2005
Public swimming pools in the United States were the product of municipal reform movements beginning in the mid-19th century. In New York City, municipal baths and pools were first opened in 1870 not only to improve the health of the inhabitants of tenements, but to control the use of the waterfront by men and boys who violated Victorian norms by behaving boisterously and swimming nude where women might see them from passing boats. This effort had mixed effect, with boys continuing to swim nude in rivers into the 1930s; preferring unsupervised play to rule-bound recreation. [127] Civic leaders had not intended pools to be used for recreation, but for health and sporting activities, which were male only. Initially, working-class men and boys swam in the nude, as had previously been customary in lakes and rivers. [128] Only later were days set aside for use of baths and pools by women. [127] In Germany between 1910 and 1935 nudist attitudes toward the body were expressed in sports and in the arts. In the 1910s a number of solo female dancers performed in the nude. Adorée Villany performed the Dance of the Seven Veils, and other stories based upon middle eastern themes, for appreciative upper class audiences. [119] However, after a 1911 performance in Munich, Villany was arrested, along with the theater manager, for indecency. Eventually acquitted, she was forced to leave Bavaria. [120] Olga Desmond's performances combined dance and tableau vivant posing nude in imitation of classical statues. [121] Until the beginning of the eighth century, Christians were baptized naked to represent that they emerged from baptism without sin. The disappearance of nude baptism in the Carolingian era marked the beginning of the sexualization of the body by Christians that had previously been associated with paganism. [83] Virgin and Child (c. 1530) by Jan Gossaert: The exposed breast as symbolic of motherhood. In Greek culture, depictions of erotic nudity were considered normal. The Greeks were conscious of the exceptional nature of their nudity, noting that "generally in countries which are subject to the barbarians, the custom is held to be dishonourable; lovers of youths share the evil repute in which philosophy and naked sports are held, because they are inimical to tyranny;" [39]
According to Ibn Battuta, female servants and slaves in the Mali Empire during the 14th century would be completely naked. [102] The daughters of the sultan also exposed their breasts in public. [103] Early modern era [ edit ] Colonial Americas [ edit ] Toups, M. A.; Kitchen, A.; Light, J. E.; Reed, D. L. (2010). "Origin of Clothing Lice Indicates Early Clothing Use by Anatomically Modern Humans in Africa". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 28 (1): 29–32. doi: 10.1093/molbev/msq234. ISSN 0737-4038. PMC 3002236. PMID 20823373. During the Early Dynastic Period, (3150–2686 BCE), and the Old Kingdom, (2686–2180 BCE) the majority of men and women wore similar attire. Skirts called schenti—which evolved from loincloths and resembled modern kilts—were customary apparel. Women of the upper classes commonly wore a kalasiris ( καλάσιρις), a dress of loose draped or translucent linen which came to just above or below the breasts. [21] Female servants and entertainers at banquets were partly clothed or naked. [22] Children might go without clothing until puberty, at about age 12. [18] The status of upper class children was shown by wearing jewelry, not clothing. Being born naked, humans were also nude in the afterlife (although in new bodies at the prime of life). [22] Scenes painted on white plaster, Fifth Dynasty (approx. 2500–2300 BCE), Abusir necropolis, EgyptIn Asia, public nudity has been viewed as a violation of social propriety rather than sin; embarrassing rather than shameful. However, in Japan, mixed-gender communal bathing was quite normal and commonplace until the Meiji Restoration. Satlow, Michael L. (1997). "Jewish Constructions of Nakedness in Late Antiquity". Journal of Biblical Literature. 116 (3): 429–454. doi: 10.2307/3266667. ISSN 0021-9231. JSTOR 3266667. There were advocates of the health benefits of sun and fresh air that instituted programs of exercise in the nude for children in groups of mixed gender. Adolf Koch founded thirteen Freikörperkultur (FKK) schools. [122] With the rise of Nazism in the 1930s, the nudism movement split ideologically between three groups: the bourgeoisie, the socialists, and the fascists. The bourgeoisie were not ideological, while the socialists adopted the views of Adolf Koch, seeing education and health programs including nudity as part of improving the lives of the working class. While not unanimous in their support, some Nazis used nudity to extol the Aryan race as the standard of beauty, as reflected in the Nazi propaganda film about the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin directed by Leni Riefenstahl, Olympia. [123]
Nootbaar, Julie Joy (2011). "Japan in the Bath: The Significance of Bathing in Japanese Culture, With Observations by Euro-American Visitors From the Late 19th Century to Today". Japan Studies Association Journal. 9: 75–89. ISSN 1530-3527. Prost, Antoine; Vincent, Gérard, eds. (1991). Riddles of Identity in Modern Times. A History of Private Life. Vol.V. Translated by Arthur Goldhammer. Cambridge, Mass: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-39979-X. Glancy, Jennifer A (2015). "The Sexual Use of Slaves: A Response to Kyle Harper on Jewish and Christian Porneia". Journal of Biblical Literature. 134 (1): 215–29. doi: 10.1353/jbl.2015.0003. S2CID 160847333. Blanshard, Alastair J. L. (2010). Sex: Vice and Love from Antiquity to Modernity. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-1-4443-2357-3. Sects with beliefs similar to the Adamites, who worshiped naked, reemerged in the early 15th century. [90]
The European colonists regarded nudity as an obscenity. The nakedness of Māori was cited, often in the phrase "naked savages", as a sign of their racial inferiority, which in turn was seen as casting into doubt the validity of the Treaty of Waitangi. [61] [62] [63] [64] [65] Post-colonialism [ edit ] Hansen, Karen Tranberg (2004). "The World in Dress: Anthropological Perspectives on Clothing, Fashion, and Culture". Annual Review of Anthropology. 33: 369–392. doi: 10.1146/annurev.anthro.33.070203.143805. ISSN 0084-6570. ProQuest 199841144. In Mesopotamia, most people owned a single item of clothing, usually a linen cloth that was wrapped and tied. Possessing no clothes meant being at the bottom of the social scale, being indebted, or if a slave, not being provided with clothes. [12] In the Uruk period there was recognition of the need for functional and practical nudity while performing many tasks, although the nakedness of workers emphasized the social difference between servants and the elite, who were clothed. [13] Socialist views of nudity extended to the Soviet Union, where in 1924 an informal organization called the "Down with Shame" movement held mass nude marches in an effort to dispel earlier, "bourgeois" morality. [124] [125] Other countries [ edit ]
Great Deal 
New Comment