OMJ! Tropical Sparkling Fruit Juice Cans, 330 ml, Pack of 24

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Since the complete data from 62 participants provided adequate power of over 0.9, per protocol analysis was used with no needs for imputation. All statistical analyses were performed by a researcher who was blinded to randomization. Graphing and statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism v. 7. Power analysis and sample size calculation were performed using G-power v.3.0.10. A significance level of 5% ( p< 0.05) was used for all analyses. Normality of data distribution was assessed by D’Agostino and Pearson normality test. Participant characteristics with numerical scale were compared between groups by using unpaired t test. Comparison of baseline categorical data was analyzed by using Fisher’s exact test and Chi-square test as specified. Repeated measure ANOVA with Greenhouse-Geisser correction followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test was used to compare changes in numerical outcome measures among 0, 1, and 2 months in the same group. Changes in objective dry mouth scores, subjective swallowing problem scores, and swallowing times after intervention were compared and categorized as same (similar scores to baseline), better (lower scores than baseline), or worse outcomes (higher scores than baseline). Comparison of outcome measures between OMJ and GC groups at the same time point was analyzed by using unpaired t test and chi-square test for numerical and categorical data, respectively. Correlation between subjective dry mouth score and subjective swallowing difficulty score were analyzed by using Pearson correlation analysis. The study was performed according to the Declaration of Helsinki and ICH-GCP. All participants were randomized with minimization by age, sex, subjective dry mouth score, and BMI into two groups, i.e., study group (OMJ) and control group (GC). The outcome measures were evaluated at 0, 1, and 2 months after interventions. The primary outcome measure included subjective dry mouth scores. The secondary outcome measures comprised objective dry mouth scores, subjective swallowing problem score, water-swallowing time, clinical nutritional status, energy intake, and body weight. Throughout the study, all participants were asked to daily record their use of product in the subject diaries to ensure adherence to the intervention protocol. Any adverse events such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, swollen lips, and a rash were recorded. Outcomes Subjective dry mouth score

B&M provides instant coffee from top brands like Nescafe, Costa, Kenco and Azera, along with Yorkshire Tea, PG Tips, Typhoo and Tetleys for tea. You’ll also find green teas, decafs and even delectable coffee syrups to create your perfect hot drink. Yang YJ, Kim MK, Hwang SH, Ahn Y, Shim JE, Kim DH (2010) Relative validities of 3-day food records and the food frequency questionnaire. Nutr Res Pract 4:142–148Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) was used to evaluate nutritional status of cancer patients as described [ 17]. It is divided into two components, i.e., the medical history and the physical examination. The presence of nutrition-related signs and symptoms and short-term weight loss. Nutrition status was categorized as A (well-nourished), B (moderately malnourished), and C (severely malnourished). Nutrition triage scores were categorized to needs for nutrition therapy as (0-1) no interventions required, (2-3) patients and family education required, (4-8) interventions by dietitians required, and (≥ 9) nutrition therapy critically needed [ 17]. Body weight and body mass index Records the default button state of the corresponding category & the status of CCPA. It works only in coordination with the primary cookie. Hahnel S, Behr M, Handel G, Bürgers R (2009) Saliva substitutes for the treatment of radiation-induced xerostomia—a review. Support Care Cancer 17:1331–1343 Emilien C, Hollis JH (2017) A brief review of salient factors influencing adult eating behaviour. Nutr Res Rev 30(2):233–246 Dalodom S, Lam-Ubol A, Jeanmaneechotechai S, Takamfoo L, Intachai W, Duangchada K, Hongsachum B, Kanjanatiwat P, Vacharotayangul P, Trachootham D (2016) Influence of oral moisturizing jelly as a saliva substitute for the relief of xerostomia in elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Geriatr Nurs 37:101–109

Braam PM, Roesink JM, Moerland MA, Raaijmakers CP, Schipper M, Terhaard CH (2005) Long-term parotid gland function after radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 62(3):659–664

Whatever you need - from multibuy beers for a big gathering to a soothing cup of cocoa alone in the evening - you’ll find everything for the best possible price at B&M. Nevertheless, there are limitations of this study. First, we advised the participant to swallow OMJ but apply GC topically in the mouth. Since the participant who used GC did not spit it out, they may swallow some GC gel. This may explain the equal effect between GC and OMJ to improve swallowing time. Therefore, future studies should consider other kinds of saliva substitutes which really cannot be swallowed such as mouth wash. Second, this study included all patients who had dry mouth problems regardless of the radiation dose they received. Nevertheless, we tried to balance the radiation dose in both groups to achieve equal average of 33 fractions of radiation (66 Gy). Future studies should include stratification of radiation dose and compare the effect of saliva substitutes in various doses of radiation. Third, this study had no placebo control. Thus, the effect of saliva substitutes cannot be completely distinguished from self-recovery effect. Last, other factors such as self-compliance and social support were not included in data collection and analysis. Since this is considered the first study exploring the effect of saliva substitutes on nutrition, further large-scale studies with better design to manage the above-mentioned confounders are warranted.

Whether you’re a lover of Coca-Cola, Schweppes, Tango, Fanta, 7-Up or Sprite, or you’re on the lookout for sparkling, still or tonic water, you’ll find all of these products and many more amongst our soft drinks range. Subjective and objective swallowing ability were improved in both OMJ and GC groups after at least 1 month of intervention. Nevertheless, OMJ showed better results in improving subjective swallowing ability. The significant correlation between subjective dry mouth and subjective swallowing problem scores suggested that the improvement in swallowing function likely resulted from alleviation of dry mouth by saliva substitutes. Therefore, the superior effect of OMJ in improving subjective dry mouth may explain its better outcome in reducing subjective swallow problems. Since the participants were instructed to swallow OMJ like natural saliva, its bathing effect on oral and throat mucosal walls may lubricate bolus of food, thereby facilitate swallowing [ 24]. This study used EAT-10 and water swallowing test which are screening assays to determine swallowing ability. Future studies should include more objective tests such as fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) evaluated by professionals such as speech pathologists. This study had been approved by the Ethics Committee of Chonburi Cancer Hospital (COA. No. 7/2016), the Mahidol University Central Institutional Review Board (COA. No. 2017/163.0809), and the Ethics committee of Faculty of Dentistry, Srinakharinwirot University (COA. No. DENTSWU-EC26/2560). Study design, blinding, random allocation, and concealment Porter SR, Scully C, Hegarty AM (2004) An update of the etiology and management of xerostomia. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 97:28–46

Oral examination by a dentist specialized in oral medicine was performed to determine signs of dry mouth by using Challacombe Scale [ 14]. Details of scale and scoring were described in Electronic supplementary material. Subjective swallowing problem score Water swallowing test (WST) was used to evaluate swallowing ability [ 16]. Each participant was asked to swallow 30 ml of room temperature water and the swallowing time was recorded. Normal swallowing time for adult age below 60 is between 0 and 5 s, while that of elderly age above 60 is between 0 and 7 s. Swallowing time longer than the normal range suggests abnormal swallowing [ 16]. Clinical nutritional status Clinical nutritional status (PG-SGA categories) was improved in both OMJ and GC groups after at least 1 month of intervention. Analyses of factor-specific PG-SGA scores revealed the impact of both saliva substitutes on food intake, symptoms, activities, and function. Since symptoms appeared to be the most improved factor, alleviation of dry mouth symptoms by using saliva substitutes may result in improved overall nutritional status. It is worth noting that recovery of nutritional status is not solely dependent on improved saliva condition and swallowing ability. Self-compliance and social support related to food preparation, enjoyment, ability to eat, drink, and swallow due to the impact of time and effort with swallowing and the associated burden, meeting nutritional requirements with oral and administration of enteral nutrition should be recommended along with the application of saliva substitutes. Whether you’re on the lookout for cheap fizzy drinks, cordial or fruit juice, affordable alcohol or low-cost teas and coffees, B&M has the ideal range for shoppers on a budget.