Bismarck's War: The Franco-Prussian War and the Making of Modern Europe

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Shirley, Michael H.; Larson, Todd E. A., eds. (2016). Splendidly Victorian: Essays in Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century British History in Honour of Walter L. Arnstein. Routledge. pp.146ff. ISBN 978-1-317-24327-4. Archived from the original on 12 July 2021 . Retrieved 28 August 2018. The British were unaware that the German ships had reversed positions in the Denmark Strait. Observers on Prince of Wales correctly identified the ships but failed to inform Admiral Holland. [59]

Otto von Bismarck and the Franco-Prussian War | History of Otto von Bismarck and the Franco-Prussian War | History of

Großherzogliche Hausorden", Staatshandbuch ... Großherzogtum Sachsen / Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach (in German), Weimar: Böhlau, 1896, p. 27– via zs.thulb.uni-jena.de Liste des Membres de l'Ordre de Léopold", Almanach Royal Officiel (in French), 1864, p.53, archived from the original on 18 January 2021 , retrieved 28 December 2020– via Archives de Bruxelles Rebecca Ayako Bennette, Fighting for the Soul of Germany: The Catholic Struggle for Inclusion after Unification (Harvard U.P. 2012) Oxford Public International Law. Archived from the original on 24 May 2021 . Retrieved 24 May 2021. Photogravure plate after painting by Neuville, 1882; group of French soldiers relaxing in building yard during the Franco-Prussian War. Prints, Drawings and Watercolors from the Anne S.K. Brown Military Collection. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library. Public Domain.Well before this, it was apparent that a German victory was only a matter of time – and that the balance of power in Europe had shifted dramatically. Germany’s new ‘Great Power’ status was emphasised by the proclamation of Wilhelm I of Prussia as Kaiser Wilhelm I of the new Deutsches Kaiserreich (German Empire) in the Hall of Mirrors in the Palace of Versailles on 18 January 1871. Carroll, E. Malcolm (1975). Germany and the great powers, 1866–1914: A Study in Public Opinion and Foreign Policy. Octagon Books. ISBN 978-0-374-91299-4. Archived from the original on 20 September 2018 . Retrieved 31 May 2017. Wetzel, David (2012). A Duel of Nations: Germany, France, and the Diplomacy of the War of 1870–1871. University of Wisconsin Press. ISBN 978-0-299-29134-1. Massie, Robert K., Dreadnought: Britain, Germany, and the Coming of the Great War (1991) New York: Random House. p. 76. ISBN 0-394-52833-6 The efficient German mobilisation, which succeeded in moving 384,000 men with their horses and artillery to their assembly areas within two weeks, is contrasted with the chaotic French system, which left tens of thousands of reservists scattered across France vainly trying to reach their units. Moltke had a two-to-one overall numerical superiority, but at key points his forces outnumbered Napoleon’s armies by an overwhelming four to one.

The role of Bismarck - Why unification was achieved in - BBC The role of Bismarck - Why unification was achieved in - BBC

A Veteran Diplomat (27 September 1908). "The "Mediatized" – or the "High Nobility" of Europe; Consisting of Something Like Fifty families Which Enjoyed Petty Sovereignty Before the Holy Roman Empire's Overthrow, They Still Exercise Certain Special Privileges Mixed with Unusual Restrictions". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 February 2014 . Retrieved 11 February 2017. Main article: Franco-Prussian War Surrender of Napoleon III after the Battle of Sedan, 1 September 1870 Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach: Grand Cross of the White Falcon, 3 September 1866; [179] in Brilliants, 1885 [180] The Prussian victory in the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 enabled him to create the North German Confederation which excluded Austria from the federation’s affairs and ended the previous German Confederation. la suite of the 7th (Magdeburg) Cuirassiers "von Seydlitz", 18 October 1868; Colonel-in-chief, 26 April 1894 [165]

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Hof- und Staatshandbuch des Herzogtums Braunschweig für das Jahr 1897, Braunschweig: Meyer, 1897, p.10

Bismarck’s War by Rachel Chrastil review — the Franco Bismarck’s War by Rachel Chrastil review — the Franco

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France mobilized and declared war on July 19. The German states saw France as the aggressor, and—swept up by nationalism and patriotic zeal—they rallied to Prussia’s side and provided troops. A series of swift Prussian and German victories in eastern France, culminating in the Siege of Metz and the Battle of Sedan, saw Napoleon III captured and the army of the Second Empire decisively defeated. A Government of National Defense declared the Third Republic in Paris on September 4 and continued the war for another five months; the German forces fought and defeated new French armies in northern France. Following the Siege of Paris, the capital fell on January 28, 1871, and then a revolutionary uprising called the Paris Commune seized power in the capital and held it for two months until it was bloodily suppressed by the regular French army at the end of May 1871. In action, most Garde Mobile units proved to be less effective than the francs-tireurs, irregular forces raised from civilian rifle clubs, who fought a bitter guerrilla campaign as the Prussians advanced into France, ambushing supply columns, destroying vital bridges, and raiding isolated outposts. Although the six-month Franco-Prussian War was among the shortest of all major European conflicts, it brought Dietrich and his comrades sights that robbed them of any temptation to triumphalism. The war’s combination of lethal new weapons (breechloading rifles, machine guns, steel cannon) and huge armies left mountains of dead and hordes of permanently mutilated wounded: In the murderous engagement at Gravelotte in August 1870, the Prussians lost twice as many men as they had during the entire Austro-Prussian War of 1866. Sheehan, James J. (1978). German liberalism in the ninetury century. University of Chicago Press; ACLS. hdl: 2027/heb.01317.0001.001. ISBN 9780226752082. granting social rights to enhance the integration of a hierarchical society, to forge a bond between workers and the state so as to strengthen the latter, to maintain traditional relations of authority between social and status groups, and to provide a countervailing power against the modernist forces of liberalism and socialism. [104]