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Kiribati National Flag 5ft x 3ft

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The tourism slogan of the country is “For Travellers” whereas, “Te mauri, te raoi ao te tabomoa -“Health, Peace and Prosperity” is the official motto of the country.

On 29 January 2023, Kiribati confirmed its intention to rejoin the Pacific Islands Forum, ending a bitter two-year leadership split. The name Gilbert, already in the name of the British protectorate since 1892, was incorporated into the name of the entire Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony (GEIC) from 1916 and was retained after the Ellice Islands became the separate nation of Tuvalu in 1976. The spelling of Gilberts in the Gilbertese language as Kiribati may be found in books in Gilbertese prepared by missionaries, but with the meaning of Gilbertese ( demonym and language) (see e.g., Hawaiian Board of Missionaries, 1895). [23] The first mention as a dictionary entry of the word Kiribati as the native name of the country was written down in 1952 by Ernest Sabatier in his comprehensive Dictionnaire gilbertin-français. [ citation needed] Four of the former districts (including Tarawa) lie in the Gilbert Islands, where most of the country's population lives. Only three of the Line Islands are inhabited, while the Phoenix Islands are uninhabited except for Kanton and Orona, where there are 80 people, and have no representation. Banaba itself is sparsely inhabited. There is also a non-elected representative of the Banabans on Rabi Island in the nation of Fiji. Each of the 21 inhabited islands has a local council that takes care of daily affairs. Tarawa atoll has three councils—Betio Town Council, Te Inainano Urban Council (for the rest of South Tarawa), and Eutan Tarawa Council (for North Tarawa).Cassidy International Airport on Kiritimati has an international service provided by Fiji Airways: Nadi to Cassidy Airport and then to Honolulu. A horizontal bicolor of red with a yellow frigatebird flying over a rising sun with 19 straight and wavy rays; and blue with three horizontal wavy white stripes. The Constitution of Kiribati, promulgated 12 July 1979, provides for free and open elections in a parliamentary democratic republic. [ citation needed] Five Micronesian countries leave Pacific Islands Forum". RNZ. 9 February 2021 . Retrieved 9 February 2021. At the start of the Adaptation Program, representatives from each of the inhabited atolls identified key climatic changes that had taken place over the past 20–40 years and proposed coping mechanisms to deal with these changes under four categories of urgency of need. The program is now focusing on the country's most vulnerable sectors in the most highly populated areas.

Fresh water remains a concern of Kiribati – during the dry season (Aumaiaki), water has been drilled for instead of using rain water tanks. In recent years, there has been a longer than usual Aumaikai season resulting in additional water having to be drilled from beneath the water table. This has introduced water-borne illnesses, compounding the health problems within Kiribati. [155] Kiribati gained its independence from the United Kingdom and the United States, becoming a sovereign state in 1979. The capital, South Tarawa, now the most populated area, consists of a number of islets, connected by a series of causeways. These comprise about half the area of Tarawa Atoll. Prior to its independence, the country had exported phosphate, but those mines are no longer viable with fisheries and export of copra driving much of the economy. Kiribati is one of the least developed countries in the world and is highly dependent on international aid for its economy. Hanlon, David L. Remaking Micronesia: Discourses over Development in a Pacific Territory 1948-82. University of Hawaii Press, 1998. ISBN 0824820118 Kiribati, pronounced "keer-ih-bahs," consists of about 32 atolls and one island (Banaba), with at least three atolls in each hemisphere, located in an expanse of ocean equivalent in size to the continental United States. The islands lie roughly halfway between Hawaii and Australia in the Micronesian region of the South Pacific. The three main island groupings are the Gilbert Islands, Phoenix Islands, and Line Islands. The land area, about 277 square miles or 717 square kilometers, is four times the size of Washington, DC.

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Kiribati maintains close relations with its Pacific neighbours, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and Fiji. The first three of these provide the bulk of the country's foreign aid. Taiwan and Japan also have specified-period licences to fish in Kiribati's waters. [64] There are three resident diplomatic missions headquartered in South Tarawa: the Embassies of the Republic of China (Taiwan) until 2019, replaced by People's Republic of China in 2020 and the High Commissions of Australia and New Zealand. A US Embassy will open in 2023. [ citation needed]

In November 2010, Kiribati hosted the Tarawa Climate Change Conference (TCCC) to support the president of Kiribati's initiative to hold a consultative forum between vulnerable states and their partners. The conference strove to create an enabling environment for multi-party negotiations under the auspices of the UNFCCC. The conference was a successor event to the Climate Vulnerable Forum. [69] The ultimate objective of TCCC was to reduce the number and intensity of fault lines between parties to the COP process, explore elements of agreement between the parties and thereby to support Kiribati's and other parties' contribution to COP16 held in Cancun, Mexico, from 29 November to 10 December 2010. [ citation needed] Museums are known to educate and connect visitors with the nation’s history, culture, civilization, art, and architecture. Te Umanibong serves the same purpose and is considered one of the most significant tourist attractions. Te Umanibong is home to a large collection of artifacts. It has been designated as the national museum of the country. Traditionally, the staple diet of the I-Kiribati was the abundance of seafood and coconuts. Starch-based carbohydrate sources were not plentiful due to the hostile climate of the atolls with only the northernmost atolls being viable for constant agriculture. The national crop bwabwai was only eaten during special celebrations along with pork. Law enforcement in Kiribati is carried out by the Kiribati Police Service which is responsible for all law enforcement and paramilitary duties for the island nation. There are police posts located on all of the islands. The police have one patrol boat, the Guardian-class patrol boat RKS Teanoai II. [82] Kiribati has no military and relies on both Australia and New Zealand for its defence. [ citation needed]

Kiribati on Map

The passing trade gave rise to European, Chinese, Samoan, and other residents from the 1830s; they included beachcombers, castaways, traders, and missionaries. [ citation needed] Declaration of a protectorate on Abemama by Captain EHM Davis, 27 May 1892 Owing to a population growth rate of more than two percent, and the overcrowding around the capital of South Tarawa, a program of migration was begun in 1989, to move nearly 5000 inhabitants to outlying atolls, mainly in the Line Islands. A program of resettlement to the Phoenix Islands was begun in 1995. Heavy migration mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping has caused heavy pollution in the lagoon of south Tarawa atoll, putting ground water at risk. a b c Ridgell, Reilly (1995) Pacific Nations and Territories: The Islands of Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia. 3rd Edition. Honolulu: Bess Press. ISBN 1573060011. p. 95.

Kiribati has a few land mammals, none being indigenous or endemic. They include the Polynesian rat ( Rattus exulans), dogs, cats and pigs. Among the 75 bird species, the Bokikokiko ( Acrocephalus aequinoctialis) is endemic to Kiritimati. [113] Kiribati is located in South Pacific Ocean. The group of islands comprises of 32 isles and one island scattered over all four hemispheres. The three main island groupings of Kiribati are the Gilbert Islands, Phoenix Islands, and Line Islands. The grouping of islands occupies the total land area mass total 811 km2 (313 sq mi). Kiribati has over 0.16 million population that contributes to population density 135 people per square kilometer (350/sq mi). Sir Arthur Grimble wrote about his time working in the British colonial service in Kiribati (then the Gilbert Islands) from 1914 to 1932 in two popular books A Pattern of Islands (1952) [44] and Return to the Islands (1957). He also undertook academic studies of Gilbertese culture. [ citation needed]Around 1300 CE, a mass departure occurred from Samoa leading to the addition of Polynesian ancestry into the mix of most Gilbertese people. These Samoans later brought strong features of Polynesian languages and culture, creating clans based on their own Samoan traditions and slowly intertwining with the indigenous clans and powers already dominant in Kiribati. Around the 15th century, starkly contrasting systems of governance arose between the northern islands, primarily under chiefly rule ( uea), and the central and southern islands, primarily under the rule of their council of elders ( unimwaane). Tabiteuea could be an exception as the sole island that is known as maintaining a traditional egalitarian society. The name Tabiteuea stems from the root phrase Tabu-te-Uea, meaning "chiefs are forbidden". [31] Civil war soon became a factor, with acquisition of land being the main form of conquest. Clans and chiefs began fighting over resources, fueled by hatred and reignited blood feuds, which may have started months, years, or even decades before. [ citation needed]

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