Cat Skeleton Prop (US)

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The most posterior, flat, thin, and long strip of pectoral muscle is the xiphihumeralis. It is a band of parallel fibers that is found in felines but not in humans. Its origin is the xiphoid process of the sternum. The insertion is the humerus. The serratus ventralis is exposed by cutting the wing-like latissimus dorsi. The said muscle is covered entirely by adipose tissue. The origin is from the first nine or ten ribs and from part of the cervical vertebrae. Acromiotrapezius is the middle trapezius muscle. It covers the dorsal and lateral surfaces of the scapula. Its origin is the neural spines of the cervical vertebrae and its insertion is in the metacromion process and fascia of the clavotrapezius. Its action is to draw the scapula to the dorsal, and hold the two scapula together. Cat ears" redirects here. For the plant species, see Cat's ear. For kemonomimi, a feature of moe anthropomorphism, see moe anthropomorphism §Animals. A cat's ear, which has special fur for sensing and protection Danforth, C. H. (1947). "Heredity of Polydactyly in the Cat". Journal of Heredity. 38 (4): 107–112. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a105701. PMID 20242531.

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US National Research Council Subcommittee on Dog and Cat Nutrition (2006). Nutrient Requirements of Dogs and Cats. Washington DC: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. p.292. ISBN 978-0-309-08628-8.Laat uw merk op authentieke wijze groeien door uw merkcontent te delen met de makers van het internet. Kom meer te weten How do cats sweat?". CatHealth.com. Archived from the original on 3 March 2014 . Retrieved 24 February 2014. Smith, Patricia; Tchernov, Eitan (1992). Structure, Function and Evolution of teeth. Freund Publishing House Ltd. p.217. ISBN 965-222-270-4. a b c d e f Orsini, Paul; Hennet, Philippe (November 1992). "Anatomy of the Mouth and Teeth of the Cat". Veterinary Clinics of North America: Small Animal Practice. 22 (6): 1265–1277. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(92)50126-7. ISSN 0195-5616. PMID 1455572.

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Pearcey, Gregory E. P.; Zehr, E. Paul (7 August 2019). "We Are Upright-Walking Cats: Human Limbs as Sensory Antennae During Locomotion". Physiology. 34 (5): 354–364. doi: 10.1152/physiol.00008.2019. ISSN 1548-9213. PMID 31389772.Cats are also able to walk very precisely. Adult cats walk with a "four-beat gait", meaning that each foot does not step on the same spot as any other. Whether they walk fast or slowly, a cat's walk is considered symmetric because the right limbs imitate the position of the left limbs as they walk. This type of locomotion provides a sense of touch on all four paws that is necessary for precise coordination. [9]

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This technique can be useful when attempting to treat or move an uncooperative cat; however, since an adult cat is heavier than a kitten, a pet cat should never be carried by the scruff, but should instead have its weight supported at the rump and hind legs, and at the chest and front paws. [ original research?] A pronounced primordial pouch in a male Tabby mix Primordial pouches [ edit ] The serratus dorsalis is medial to both the scapula and the serratus ventralis. Its origin is via aponeurosis following the length of the mid-dorsal line, and its insertion is the dorsal portion of the last ribs. Its action is to depress and retracts the ribs during breathing. The stomach of the cat can be divided into distinct regions of motor activity. The proximal end of the stomach relaxes when food is digested. [30] While food is being digested this portion of the stomach either has rapid stationary contractions or a sustained tonic contraction of muscle. [30] These different actions result in either the food being moved around or the food moving towards the distal portion of the stomach. [30] The distal portion of the stomach undergoes rhythmic cycles of partial depolarization. [29] This depolarization sensitizes muscle cells so they are more likely to contract. The stomach is not only a muscular structure, it also serves a chemical function by releasing hydrochloric acid and other digestive enzymes to break down food. a b c d e Stevens, C. Edward; Hume, Ian D. (25 November 2004). Comparative Physiology of the Vertebrate Digestive System. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521617147 . Retrieved 23 March 2018– via Google Books. Corbee, R.J.; Maas, H.; Doornenbal, A.; Hazewinkel, H.A.W. (1 October 2014). "Forelimb and hindlimb ground reaction forces of walking cats: Assessment and comparison with walking dogs". The Veterinary Journal. 202 (1): 116–127. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.07.001. ISSN 1090-0233. PMID 25155217.

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Cats are carnivores that have highly specialized teeth. There are four types of permanent dentition teeth that structure the mouth: twelve incisors, four canines, ten premolars and four molars. [1] The premolar and first molar are located on each side of the mouth that together are called the carnassial pair. The carnassial pair specialize in cutting food and are parallel to the jaw. [2] The incisors located in the front section of the lower and upper mouth are small, narrow, and have a single root. They are used for grasping and biting food. [2] Deciduous dentition teeth [ edit ] The normal body temperature of a cat is between 38.3 and 39.0°C (100.9 and 102.2°F). [17] A cat is considered febrile ( hyperthermic) if it has a temperature of 39.5°C (103.1°F) or greater, or hypothermic if less than 37.5°C (99.5°F). For comparison, humans have an average body temperature of about 37.0°C (98.6°F). [18] A domestic cat's normal heart rate ranges from 140 to 220 beats per minute (bpm), and is largely dependent on how excited the cat is. For a cat at rest, the average heart rate usually is between 150 and 180bpm, more than twice that of a human, which averages 70 bpm. [19] Skin [ edit ] US National Research Council Committee on Animal Nutrition (1986). Nutrient Requirements of Cats (2nded.). Washington DC: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. doi: 10.17226/910. ISBN 978-0-309-03682-5. Archived from the original on 15 August 2010.

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Hudson, Lola C.; Hamilton, William P. (12 June 2017). Atlas of Feline Anatomy. Teton NewMedia. doi: 10.1201/9781315137865. ISBN 978-1-315-13786-5. Cats are able to tolerate quite high temperatures: Humans generally start to feel uncomfortable when their skin temperature passes about 38°C (100°F), but cats show no discomfort until their skin reaches around 52°C (126°F), [26] :46 and can tolerate temperatures of up to 56°C (133°F) if they have access to water. [38] Temperature regulation [ edit ] Mouth [ edit ] Sharp spines or papillae found in a cat's tongue. 5 types of papillae can be found in the dorsal aspect of the tongue: filiform, fungiform, foliate, vallate, and conical. Permanent dentition teeth [ edit ]The Rhomboideus capitis is the most cranial of the deeper muscles. It is underneath the clavotrapezius. Its origin is the superior nuchal line, and its insertion is at the scapula. Action draws scapula cranially. Normal Values For Dog and Cat Temperature, Blood Tests, Urine and other information in ThePetCenter.com". Archived from the original on 13 March 2005 . Retrieved 1 August 2005. The deltoid muscles lie just lateral to the trapezius muscles, originating from several fibers spanning the clavicle and scapula, converging to insert at the humerus. Anatomically, there are only two deltoids in the cat, the acromiodeltoid and the spinodeltoid. However, to conform to human anatomy standards, the clavobrachialis is now also considered a deltoid and is commonly referred to as the clavodeltoid.