MyProtein Creatine Monohydrate,Powder - 1KG

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Heinanen K, et al. Creatine corrects muscle 31P spectrum in gyrate atrophy with hyperornithinaemia. Eur J Clin Invest. 1999;29(12):1060–5. Farquhar WB, Zambraski EJ. Effects of creatine use on the athlete’s kidney. Curr Sports Med Rep. 2002;1(2):103–6. Juhn MS. Oral creatine supplementation: separating fact from hype. Phys Sportsmed. 1999;27(5):47–89. Sharov VG, et al. Protection of ischemic myocardium by exogenous phosphocreatine (neoton): pharmacokinetics of phosphocreatine, reduction of infarct size, stabilization of sarcolemma of ischemic cardiomyocytes, and antithrombotic action. Biochem Med Metab Biol. 1986;35(1):101–14.

creatine Common questions and misconceptions about creatine

Ganesan V, et al. Guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency: new clinical features. Pediatr Neurol. 1997;17(2):155–7.Derave W, et al. Skeletal muscle properties in a transgenic mouse model for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: effects of creatine treatment. Neurobiol Dis. 2003;13(3):264–72. Dalbo VJ, et al. Putting to rest the myth of creatine supplementation leading to muscle cramps and dehydration. Br J Sports Med. 2008;42(7):567–73. Creatine Monohydrate, Flavouring, Acid (Citric Acid), Sweetener (Sucralose), Spirulina Extract. Apple & Lime Flavour The most commonly studied form of creatine in the literature is creatine monohydrate [ 53]. The uptake of creatine involves the absorption of creatine into the blood and then uptake by the target tissue [ 53]. Plasma levels of creatine typically peak at about 60 min after oral ingestion of creatine monohydrate [ 7]. An initial rise in plasma creatine levels, followed by a reduction in plasma levels can be used to indirectly suggest increased uptake into the target tissue [ 53]. However, the gold standards for measuring the effects of creatine supplementation on target tissues are through magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), muscle biopsy, stable isotope tracer studies, and/or whole body creatine retention assessed by measuring the difference between creatine intake and urinary excretion of creatine [ 53].

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Gualano B, et al. Effects of creatine supplementation on renal function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2008;103(1):33–40. Deminice R, et al. Effects of creatine supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers after repeated-sprint exercise in humans. Nutrition. 2013;29(9):1127–32. Op’t Eijnde B, et al. Creatine supplementation increases soleus muscle creatine content and lowers the insulinogenic index in an animal model of inherited type 2 diabetes. Int J Mol Med. 2006;17(6):1077–84. Ogborn DI, et al. Effects of creatine and exercise on skeletal muscle of FRG1-transgenic mice. Can J Neurol Sci. 2012;39(2):225–31. Sign up to Bulk™ Boost for free and unlimited Next-Day Delivery for a whole year*. Speedy, hassle-free shopping just got even better.LaBotz M, Smith BW. Creatine supplement use in an NCAA division I athletic program. Clin J Sport Med. 1999;9(3):167–9.

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With regard to the question of whether creatine has effect on renal function, a few case studies [ 249, 250, 251, 252] reported that individuals purportedly taking creatine with or without other supplements presented with high creatinine levels and/or renal dysfunction [ 249, 250, 251]. Additionally, one study suggested that feeding rats with renal cystic disease 2 g/kg/d of creatine for 1 week (equivalent to 140 g/day for a 70 kg individual) and 0.4 g/kg/d (equivalent to 28 g/day for a 70 kg individual) for 4 weeks exacerbated disease progression. These reports prompted some concern that creatine supplementation may impair renal function [ 253, 254, 255, 256] and prompted a number of researchers to examine the impact of creatine supplementation on renal function [ 22, 51, 85, 114, 156, 172, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 257, 258, 259]. For example, Ferreira and associates [ 260] reported that creatine feeding (2 g/kg/d for 10 weeks equivalent to 140 g/kg/d in a 70 kg person) had no effects on glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow in Wistar rats. Likewise, Baracho and colleagues [ 261] reported that Wistar rats fed 0, 0.5, 1, or 2 g/kg/d of creatine did not result in renal and/or hepatic toxicity. Poortmans and coworkers reported that ingesting 20 g/day of creatine for 5 days [ 243], and up to 10 g/day from 10 months to 5 years [ 257] had no effect on creatine clearance, glomerular filtration rate, tubular resorption, or glomerular membrane permeability compared to controls. Kreider et al. [ 22] reported that creatine supplementation (5–10 g/day for 21 months) had no significant effects on creatinine or creatinine clearance in American football players. Gualono and associates [ 262] reported that 12 weeks of creatine supplementation had no effects on kidney function in type 2 diabetic patients. Finally, creatine supplement has been used as a means of reducing homocysteine levels and/or improving patient outcomes in patients with renal disease [ 263, 264, 265] as well as ameliorating birth asphyxia related renal dysfunction in mice [ 228]. Moreover, long-term, high dose ingestion of creatine (up to 30 g/d for up to 5 years) in patient populations has not been associated with an increased incidence of renal dysfunction [ 23, 155, 156, 172]. While some have suggested that individuals with pre-existing renal disease consult with their physician prior to creatine supplementation in an abundance of caution, these studies and others have led researchers to conclude that there is no compelling evidence that creatine supplementation negatively affects renal function in healthy or clinical populations [ 5, 6, 22, 53, 259, 266, 267]. The best creatine you can buy in 2023 1. Optimum Nutrition Micronised Creatine Powder: Best micronised creatine powder to drink easily Komura K, et al. Effectiveness of creatine monohydrate in mitochondrial encephalomyopathies. Pediatr Neurol. 2003;28(1):53–8. Jagim AR, et al. A buffered form of creatine does not promote greater changes in muscle creatine content, body composition, or training adaptations than creatine monohydrate. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012;9(1):43. Stone MH, et al. Effects of in-season (5 weeks) creatine and pyruvate supplementation on anaerobic performance and body composition in American football players. Int J Sport Nutr. 1999;9(2):146–65.Yes, taking creatine monohydrate daily within recommended doses is generally safe for healthy individuals. Zorzela L, et al. Serious adverse events associated with pediatric complementary and alternative medicine. Eur J Integr Med. 2014;6:467–47. Nasrallah F, Feki M, Kaabachi N. Creatine and creatine deficiency syndromes: biochemical and clinical aspects. Pediatr Neurol. 2010;42(3):163–71. Twycross-Lewis R, et al. The effects of creatine supplementation on thermoregulation and physical (cognitive) performance: a review and future prospects. Amino Acids. 2016;48(8):1843–55. Steenge GR, Simpson EJ, Greenhaff PL. Protein- and carbohydrate-induced augmentation of whole body creatine retention in humans. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2000;89(3):1165–71.

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Ellery SJ, et al. Creatine pretreatment prevents birth asphyxia-induced injury of the newborn spiny mouse kidney. Pediatr Res. 2013;73(2):201–8. Silva AJ, et al. Effect of creatine on swimming velocity, body composition and hydrodynamic variables. J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2007;47(1):58–64.

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Jager R, et al. Analysis of the efficacy, safety, and regulatory status of novel forms of creatine. Amino Acids. 2011;40(5):1369–83. Hile AM, et al. Creatine supplementation and anterior compartment pressure during exercise in the heat in dehydrated men. J Athl Train. 2006;41(1):30–5. Burke DG, et al. Effect of creatine and weight training on muscle creatine and performance in vegetarians. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2003;35(11):1946–55. Cooke MB, et al. Creatine supplementation enhances muscle force recovery after eccentrically-induced muscle damage in healthy individuals. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2009;6:13. Adhihetty PJ, Beal MF. Creatine and its potential therapeutic value for targeting cellular energy impairment in neurodegenerative diseases. Neuromolecular Med. 2008;10(4):275–90.