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The Pool Activity Level (PAL) Instrument for Occupational Profiling: A Practical Resource for Carers of People with Cognitive Impairment Fourth ... of Bradford Dementia Good Practice Guides)

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Pool Activity Level (PAL) Checklist - QCS Pool Activity Level (PAL) Checklist - QCS

Technology has so much to offer people living with dementia and their carers; access to information, advice and entertainment as well as reassurance for a carer who does not live near a loved one. Used sensitively and thoughtfully, technology enhances rather than replaces human relationships and interactions. Membership of NAPA also offers valuable discounts on activity products from some key catalogues. Getting involved with NAPA can offer anyone with an interest in improving activities the support, encouragement and training they need to keep going. Bell, V., Troxel, D., Cox, T. and Hamon, R. (2004 and 2007) The Best Friends book of Alzheimer’s activities, vol 1 and 2. Baltimore, MD: Health Professions Press. Spector, A., Thorgrimsen, L., Woods, B. and Orrell, M. (2006) Making a difference: An evidence-based group programme to offer cognitive stimulation therapy to people with dementia, London: Hawker. I began developing the PAL Instrument by building on the work of Claudia K Allen. She had developed an Occupational Therapy model for understanding cognitive disability, based on developmental theory. Allen’s model has a robust assessment for OTs and then relies on their professional knowledge to interpret the outcomes of the assessment. I wanted a tool that would self-interpret and provide a guide to those without the clinical skills so that they could enable individuals with cognitive difficulties to be less disabled in every-day activities.

An emphasis on philosophy

Cognitive stimulation therapy, or CST, involves 14 sessions of themed activities which run over a seven-week period. Sessions aim to actively stimulate and engage people with dementia, while providing a positive learning environment and the social benefits of a group. CST groups can be led by anyone working with people with dementia, such as care workers, occupational therapists or nurses, and can take place in settings including care homes, hospitals or day centres. Activities need to be broken down and presented one step at a time, multisensory stimulation can help hold the attention. leisure activities, therapies, therapy and treatment, activities of daily living, cognitive impairment, dementia;

Pool Activity Level (PAL) Instrument for Occupational - UK The QCS Pool Activity Level (PAL) Instrument for Occupational

More interested in the making or doing than the end result, needs prompting to remember purpose, can get distracted. Roe, P. (1998) Let’s talk, Milton Keynes: Speechmark. This includes discussion and prompt cards for use by groups in a range of settings. Body language may be inappropriate and may not always be coherent, but can use simple language skills. NAPA runs an NCFE distance learning course – Intermediate Certificate in Provision of Activities in a Care Setting – and also offers open and in-house courses on a range of topics, including massage and seated exercise. Other further education colleges also offer the NCFE course.

Assessment tools

However, it is not uncommon to find relatives, other older people, managers and staff members resistant to the idea of using dolls, because they think it seems patronising or demeaning in some way for the person, or they are worried about outside visitors’ reactions. The QCS Pool Activity Level (PAL) Instrument is widely used as the framework for providing activity-based care for people with cognitive impairments, including dementia. The Instrument was recommended for daily living skills training and activity planning in the National Institute for Clinical Excellence Clinical Guidelines for Dementia (NICE 2006). It is an essential resource for any practitioner or carer wanting to provide fulfilling occupation for clients with cognitive impairments. The three steps to introducing the philosophy into a care setting are vision, education and implementation. The Eden Alternative UK offers education, national and in-house training and supports staff teams to achieve these steps. A therapeutic approach Hurtley, R. and Wenborn, J. (2005) The successful activity co-ordinator: A learning resource for activity and care staff engaged in developing an active care home, London: Age Concern Books. National Association for Providers of Activities for Older People. ‘Activity allsorts’ (includes 101 things to do). London: NAPA.

pool activity level (PAL) instrument for occupational profiling: a The pool activity level (PAL) instrument for occupational

Dementia is a growing challenge. It is estimated that by 2025, the number of people with dementia in the UK will be more than 1 million. As one of the most important health and social care issues facing the world, continuous post-diagnostic care and support are vital. At the end of this feature, you can see a list of companies and organisations that produce catalogues of products and resources that could inspire you. To be successful, an activity has to match the personal interests of an individual and be pitched at the ‘just right’ level of challenge: too easy and it may be boring, too difficult and it will be frustrating. Pool, J. (2007) The Pool Activity Level (PAL) Instrument for occupational profiling: a practical resource for carers of people with dementia (3rd edition), London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers.Simple assessment tools can help staff to understand the types of activities that might benefit a person with dementia. Two of the best-known examples are the Pool Activity Level (PAL) Instrument (Pool, 2007) and the Cardiff Lifestyle Improvement Profile for People in Extended Residential Care (CLIPPER) (Powell, 2007). Hilary Woodhead, Executive Director of NAPA (The National Activity Providers Association) The QCS Pool Activity Level (PAL) Instrument is the foundation of activity and engagement. This essential resource is a 'must have' for Activity Providers. The Instrument gives us a framework and practical toolkit for person centred practice, and something we have needed for a very long time; the PAL Engagement Measure. I am excited to see the difference it will make to the practice of Activity Providers, and ultimately, the wellbeing of people living with dementia. Care UK’s activity teams share what they have found to be helpful when supporting people with dementia in everyday activities, arts and crafts, maintaining independence, special occasions, health and wellbeing, and reminiscence. Can plan to carry out an activity, hold the goal in mind and work through a familiar sequence; may need help solving problems. The Best Friends approach was developed in the mid-1990s by Virginia Bell and David Troxel in the United States. Simply put, the model suggests that what a person with dementia needs most of all is a friend, a ‘Best Friend’.

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