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The proposed expansion will give the facility a secure long-term future by supporting businesses in the North West which have been affected by the global shortage of microchips and semiconductors that has forced factory closures in a range of sectors, from cars to healthcare devices. Six years on and the people of Garston feel more forgotten about than ever. The housing proposals never moved forward and instead the community has been hit by numerous proposals to expand and add to the already imposing industrial operations in the area. Garston residents Patricial Putterill and Edna Dillon have both been sat listening intently throughout the meeting at the Woodcutters, with their sense of indignation rising with as each speaker lays out just how badly they feel this community has been treated. Liverpool City Council approved this expansion by using what are called delegated powers, meaning the plans did not come before the council's planning committee for a debate. Only 87 neighbouring homes were consulted about the expansion.

This is not the first time local people have gathered at the club and it won't be the last. There is a growing number of people in this south Liverpool suburb who are increasingly agitated about what is unfolding around them. Special thanks to Andrew and Jeremy for doing a great job of providing a useful and captivating course that explained everything clearly. Also thanks to Shayz and Angela for organising and helping everything run smoothly, and everyone at Nottingham Trent University for their support and providing a great service. By adding a cryostat or heat stage to the VASE for variable temperature studies, measurements can be conducted at temperatures as low as 4.2K and as high as 1000° C. The General Oscillator layer, or Gen-Osc, was developed to simplify the modeling of material optical constants. The Gen-Osc layer models the dielectric function of a material as a linear summation of wavelength-dependent oscillators. In November 2018, the Liverpool ECHO ran a story, with a headline that said developers wanted to transform Liverpool's 'forgotten suburb' with a huge new multi-million pound housing project.

Ellipsometry is highly sensitive to surface roughness and oxide layers that natively grow on most semiconductors. In addition, optical bandgap, electronic transitions, and critical points can be determined for bulk and thin-film semiconductor materials such as GaN, InP, SiGe, CdTe, etc. Crystallinity and alloy composition can also be determined by monitoring the shape and wavelength position of the critical points. Liquid Studies CompleteEASE also features a randomized global fit algorithm, which will search the parameter space randomly instead of in a grid. The advantage of this method is that an MSE threshold can be set. Once a point below the MSE threshold has been found, the fit is then followed by a standard Levenberg- Marquardt fit. Tests have shown a reduction in global fit time of 5x or better using this feature. Alternate Models for what they were doing, so we combined both to obtain the benefits of both multiple angles of incidence and multiple wavelengths with fine wavelength resolution. This led to variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry, or “VASE”. We trade-marked the acronym. av_toggle][av_toggle title='What are the benefits of spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements at variable angles of incidence (VASE)?' tags='' av_uid='av-58ns6'] Answer: Spectroscopic ellipsometry data contain both “phase” and “amplitude” information from reflected or transmitted light. The phase information from IR ellipsometry offers higher sensitivity to ultrathin films than FTIR reflection/absorbance, while retaining the sensitivity to chemical composition. Non-destructive Characterization

CompleteEASE enables easy visualization of ellipsometry data acquired as a function of time and allows users to easily select individual time slices to view and compare.The AutoRetarder is a computer controlled MgF 2 Berek waveplate (compensator) used to accurately introduce retardance into the beam path. Because the compensator is under computer control, it is possible to generate appropriate retardance values (0 – 90°) over a broad (140 – 2500 nm) spectral range. The retardance is automatically adjusted to give the highest measurement accuracy for any sample. Synchronous rotation of two compensators provides high accuracy, high speed, and complete Mueller-matrix measurements. Achromatic Compensator Design*

The course was not only thorough and helpful but fun and engaging. I truly feel that my time and money was well spent and that I had advanced my knowledge of ellipsometry significantly. The venue of Nottingham Trent University was a good location and provided a good service and the people from Quantum Design UK & Ireland were also very helpful and friendly and did a great job of organising the course and events. In addition to this, the course included a dinner which allowed for course members and organisers to meet and network, which was fantastic and good connections were made!

Why a VASE?

The political pressure is growing on companies like Veolia. Garston and Halewood MP Maria Eagle is now on the case and she is sympathetic to the cause of those gathered at the social club.

Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and Spectrophotometry (R/T) are both optical measurement techniques. While spectroscopic ellipsometry measures change in polarization, R/T measures intensity of reflected or transmitted light. The techniques are often complementary and can be combined to provide more information about absorbing thin films (Hilfiker et al.). She adds: "The community there have often felt that they are the forgotten ones in this part of South Liverpool when it comes to getting community development and improvements in their area and I am determined to do all I can to help improve this part of my constituency and ensure that any industrial developments in the area have a benefit for the community in which they are based.”Local residents are increasingly concerned about what more industrial plans will mean for their community (Image: Liverpool Echo) Gary, who has dedicated much of his time in recent months to investigating the minutia of the proposals being put forward, is running through the various plans and the concerns they bring with them. People around the room sporadically interject with questions, comments and, as the meeting goes on, impassioned calls for action. Measurement Speed…this can be an important factor if you are measuring in situ (see FAQ #12) or want to measure multiple points on a sample (uniformity mapping). While almost all ellipsometers can collect data in a fraction of a second, the basic technology involved may only allow high speed at a single wavelength (or limited number of wavelengths). For real-time spectroscopic measurements, you will need CCD detection, such as with our M-2000 instruments. To add even more to the growing local concern, last year there were more industrial plans put forward for Garston, this time concerning the industrial estate land that had once been the base of the failed dream of new housing and a new life for the community. The group's formation - joining other local action groups like ARCH and Garston Futures - has been specifically inspired by a number of recent plans for the area focussed around heavy industry and the processing of chemicals and waste.